School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Apr;59(4):1012-7. doi: 10.1128/aem.59.4.1012-1017.1993.
Vibrio vulnificus is a naturally occurring marine bacterium that causes invasive disease of immunocompromised humans following the consumption of raw oysters. It is a component of the natural microbiota of Gulf Coast estuaries and has been found to inhabit tissues of oysters, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin 1791). The interaction of V. vulnificus with oyster host defenses has not been reported in detail. We examined the interaction of V. vulnificus with phagocytic oyster hemocytes as a function of time, temperature, bacterial concentration, pretreatment with hemolymph, and V. vulnificus translucent and opaque colony morphotypes. Within these experimental parameters, the results showed that the association of V. vulnificus with hemocytes increased with time, temperature, and initial V. vulnificus/hemocyte ratio. Pretreatment of V. vulnificus with serum or an increased serum concentration did not enhance V. vulnificus-hemocyte associations, a result suggesting the absence of opsonic activity. More than 50% of hemocytes bound the translucent, avirulent morphotype, whereas 10 to 20% were associated with the opaque, virulent form, a result indicating that the degree of encapsulation was related to resistance to phagocytosis, as previously described for mammalian phagocytes. Understanding these cellular interactions may, in part, explain the persistence of V. vulnificus in oyster tissues and the ecology of V. vulnificus in estuarine environments.
创伤弧菌是一种自然存在的海洋细菌，它会导致免疫功能低下的人在食用生牡蛎后患上侵袭性疾病。它是墨西哥湾沿海河口自然微生物群的一部分，已被发现栖息在牡蛎、Crassostrea virginica（Gmelin 1791）的组织中。创伤弧菌与牡蛎宿主防御之间的相互作用尚未详细报道。我们研究了创伤弧菌与吞噬性牡蛎血细胞之间的相互作用，作为时间、温度、细菌浓度、用血淋巴预处理和创伤弧菌半透明和不透明菌落形态的函数。在这些实验参数内，结果表明，创伤弧菌与血细胞的关联随着时间、温度和初始创伤弧菌/血细胞比率的增加而增加。用血清或增加的血清浓度预处理创伤弧菌并没有增强创伤弧菌-血细胞的关联，这一结果表明缺乏调理活性。超过 50%的血细胞结合了半透明的、无毒形态，而 10%到 20%与不透明的、有毒的形态相关联，这表明包裹的程度与吞噬作用的抗性有关，如以前对哺乳动物吞噬细胞的描述。了解这些细胞相互作用可能部分解释了创伤弧菌在牡蛎组织中的持续存在以及创伤弧菌在河口环境中的生态学。
