Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Microb Ecol. 2013 May;65(4):826-51. doi: 10.1007/s00248-012-0168-x. Epub 2013 Jan 10.
Vibrios are Gram-negative curved bacilli that occur naturally in marine, estuarine, and freshwater systems. Some species include human and animal pathogens, and some vibrios are necessary for natural systems, including the carbon cycle and osmoregulation. Countless in vivo and in vitro studies have examined the interactions between vibrios and their environment, including molecules, cells, whole animals, and abiotic substrates. Many studies have characterized virulence factors, attachment factors, regulatory factors, and antimicrobial resistance factors, and most of these factors impact the organism's fitness regardless of its external environment. This review aims to identify common attributes among factors that increase fitness in various environments, regardless of whether the environment is an oyster, a rabbit, a flask of immortalized mammalian cells, or a planktonic chitin particle. This review aims to summarize findings published thus far to encapsulate some of the basic similarities among the many vibrio fitness factors and how they frame our understanding of vibrio ecology. Factors representing these similarities include hemolysins, capsular polysaccharides, flagella, proteases, attachment factors, type III secretion systems, chitin binding proteins, iron acquisition systems, and colonization factors.
弧菌是一种革兰氏阴性弯曲杆菌，自然存在于海洋、河口和淡水系统中。有些物种包括人类和动物病原体，而有些弧菌是自然系统所必需的，包括碳循环和渗透压调节。无数的体内和体外研究都研究了弧菌与其环境之间的相互作用，包括分子、细胞、整个动物和无生命的基质。许多研究已经对毒力因子、附着因子、调节因子和抗微生物药物耐药性因子进行了表征，其中大多数因素都影响了生物体的适应性，而不论其外部环境如何。本综述旨在确定在各种环境中增加适应性的因素之间的共同属性，而不论环境是牡蛎、兔子、永生哺乳动物细胞的烧瓶还是浮游的几丁质颗粒。本综述旨在总结迄今为止发表的研究结果，以概括许多弧菌适应性因素之间的一些基本相似之处，以及它们如何影响我们对弧菌生态学的理解。代表这些相似性的因素包括溶血素、荚膜多糖、鞭毛、蛋白酶、附着因子、III 型分泌系统、几丁质结合蛋白、铁获取系统和定植因子。
