CNRS, UMR 9193 -SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Univ. Lille, Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France.
PLoS One. 2023 Aug 29;18(8):e0290226. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290226. eCollection 2023.
The existence of handle affordances has been classically demonstrated using the Stimulus-Response Compatibility paradigm, with shorter response times when the orientation of the object handle and the response hand are compatible in comparison to incompatible. Yet the activation of handle affordances from visual objects has been investigated in very simple situations involving single stimulus and motor response. As natural perceptual scenes are usually composed of multiple objects that could activate multiple affordances, the consequence of multiple affordance activation on the perception and processing of a given object of the scene requires more investigation. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of distractor affordances on the processing of a target object in situations involving several familiar graspable objects. In two online experiments, 229 participants had to select a target object (the kitchen utensil or the tool) in a visual scene displaying a pair of objects. They performed left key presses when the target was on the left and right key presses when the target was on the right. Target handle orientation and response side could be compatible or incompatible. Critically, target and distractor objects had similar or dissimilar handle affordances, with handles oriented for left- or right-hand grasps. Results from the two experiments showed slower response times when target and distractor objects had similar handle affordances in comparison to dissimilar affordances, when participants performed right hand responses and when target orientation and response were compatible. Thus, affordance similarity between objects may interfere rather than facilitate object processing and slow down target selection. These findings are in line with models of affordance and object selection assuming automatic inhibition of distractors' affordances for appropriate object interaction.
手柄启发式的存在已经通过刺激-反应相容性范式得到了经典的证明，与不兼容的情况相比，当物体手柄的方向与反应手的方向相匹配时，反应时间会更短。然而，从视觉对象中激活手柄启发式已经在非常简单的情况下进行了研究，涉及单个刺激和运动反应。由于自然感知场景通常由多个物体组成，这些物体可以激活多个启发式，因此需要更多的研究来确定多个启发式激活对场景中给定物体的感知和处理的影响。本研究的目的是确定在涉及多个可抓握熟悉物体的情况下，分心手柄启发式对目标物体处理的影响。在两个在线实验中，229 名参与者必须在显示一对物体的视觉场景中选择一个目标物体（厨房用具或工具）。当目标在左侧时，他们按下左键，当目标在右侧时，他们按下右键。目标手柄方向和反应侧可以兼容或不兼容。关键的是，目标和分心物体具有相似或不同的手柄启发式，手柄方向适合左手或右手抓握。来自两个实验的结果表明，当目标和分心物体具有相似的手柄启发式（相对于不同的启发式）时，当参与者执行右手反应且目标方向和反应兼容时，反应时间会变慢。因此，物体之间的启发式相似性可能会干扰而不是促进物体处理并减慢目标选择。这些发现与假设对适当物体交互自动抑制分心物体启发式的启发式和物体选择模型一致。
