促进获取基因发明专利的模式。
Models for facilitating access to patents on genetic inventions.
作者信息
Van Overwalle Geertrui, van Zimmeren Esther, Verbeure Birgit, Matthijs Gert
机构信息
Centre for Intellectual Property Rights, Faculty of Law, University of Leuven, Belgium.
出版信息
Nat Rev Genet. 2006 Feb;7(2):143-8. doi: 10.1038/nrg1765.
Abstract
The genetics community is increasingly concerned that patents might lead to restricted access to research and health care. We explore various measures that are designed to render patented genetic inventions accessible to further use in research, and to diagnosis and/or treatment. They include the often-recited research or experimental-use exemption, conventional one-to-one licensing and compulsory licensing, as well as patent pools and clearing-house mechanisms. The last two alternatives deserve special attention in the area of human genetics.
摘要
遗传学领域越来越担心专利可能会导致研究和医疗保健的获取受限。我们探讨了各种旨在使获得专利的基因发明能够在研究中进一步使用，并用于诊断和/或治疗的措施。这些措施包括经常提到的研究或实验性使用豁免、传统的一对一许可和强制许可，以及专利池和信息交换机制。后两种选择在人类遗传学领域值得特别关注。
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