Boutros Nash, Fraenkel Liana, Feingold Alan
Psychiatry and Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, UPC-Jefferson, Suite 305, 2751 E. Jefferson, Detroit, MI 48207, USA.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2005 Fall;17(4):455-64. doi: 10.1176/jnp.17.4.455.
A four-step approach for developing diagnostic tests in psychiatry is proposed. The approach was applied to a promising finding (increased electroencephalogram [EEG] Theta in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]). A meta-analysis for the effect sizes was performed. Seventeen studies were included (12 met criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis). The majority of papers met criteria for Step 1. A number of papers qualified for Step 2 or Step 3. The effect size of the total sample for absolute theta was 0.58 and for relative theta 0.92. The proposed schema was able to classify a representative biological finding into a specific phase of development as a diagnostic tool. Based on the meta-analysis, the authors conclude that increased EEG theta activity in ADHD is promising and should be further developed as a diagnostic test.
本文提出了一种在精神病学中开发诊断测试的四步法。该方法应用于一项有前景的发现（注意缺陷多动障碍[ADHD]中脑电图[EEG]θ波增加）。对效应量进行了荟萃分析。纳入了17项研究（其中12项符合荟萃分析的纳入标准）。大多数论文符合步骤1的标准。一些论文符合步骤2或步骤3的标准。总样本中绝对θ波的效应量为0.58，相对θ波的效应量为0.92。所提出的模式能够将一项具有代表性的生物学发现归类为作为诊断工具的特定发展阶段。基于荟萃分析，作者得出结论，ADHD中EEG θ波活动增加具有前景，应进一步开发作为一种诊断测试。
