Bull S A, Allen V M, Domingue G, Jørgensen F, Frost J A, Ure R, Whyte R, Tinker D, Corry J E L, Gillard-King J, Humphrey T J
Food Microbiology Collaborating Unit, Health Protection Agency (HPA), University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, United Kingdom.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jan;72(1):645-52. doi: 10.1128/AEM.72.1.645-652.2006.
The study aimed to identify sources of campylobacter in 10 housed broiler flocks from three United Kingdom poultry companies. Samples from (i) the breeder flocks, which supplied the broilers, (ii) cleaned and disinfected houses prior to chick placement, (iii) the chickens, and (iv) the environments inside and outside the broiler houses during rearing were examined. Samples were collected at frequent intervals and examined for Campylobacter spp. Characterization of the isolates using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), serotyping, phage typing, and flaA restriction fragment length polymorphism typing was performed. Seven flocks became colonized during the growing period. Campylobacter spp. were detected in the environment surrounding the broiler house, prior to as well as during flock colonization, for six of these flocks. On two occasions, isolates detected in a puddle just prior to the birds being placed were indistinguishable from those colonizing the birds. Once flocks were colonized, indistinguishable strains of campylobacter were found in the feed and water and in the air of the broiler house. Campylobacter spp. were also detected in the air up to 30 m downstream of the broiler house, which raises the issue of the role of airborne transmission in the spread of campylobacter. At any time during rearing, broiler flocks were colonized by only one or two types determined by MLST but these changed, with some strains superseding others. In conclusion, the study provided strong evidence for the environment as a source of campylobacters colonizing housed broiler flocks. It also demonstrated colonization by successive campylobacter types determined by MLST during the life of a flock.
该研究旨在确定来自英国三家家禽公司的10个圈养肉鸡群中弯曲杆菌的来源。对以下样本进行了检测：(i) 供应肉鸡的种鸡群；(ii) 雏鸡入舍前清洁和消毒过的鸡舍；(iii) 肉鸡；(iv) 饲养期间肉鸡舍内外的环境。定期采集样本并检测弯曲杆菌属。使用多位点序列分型（MLST）、血清分型、噬菌体分型和flaA限制性片段长度多态性分型对分离株进行了鉴定。7个鸡群在生长期间被定植。在其中6个鸡群的鸡群定植之前以及期间，在肉鸡舍周围环境中检测到弯曲杆菌属。有两次，在雏鸡入舍前在一个水坑中检测到的分离株与定植在鸡身上的分离株无法区分。一旦鸡群被定植，在饲料、水和肉鸡舍空气中发现了无法区分的弯曲杆菌菌株。在肉鸡舍下游30米处的空气中也检测到了弯曲杆菌属，这引发了空气传播在弯曲杆菌传播中的作用问题。在饲养期间的任何时候，肉鸡群仅被MLST确定的一两种类型的弯曲杆菌定植，但这些类型会发生变化，一些菌株会取代其他菌株。总之，该研究为环境是圈养肉鸡群中弯曲杆菌定植来源提供了有力证据。它还证明了在鸡群的生命周期中，由MLST确定的连续弯曲杆菌类型会发生定植。
