Cho Jae Youl, Park Seung-Chun, Kim Tae-Wan, Kim Kil-Soo, Song Jae-Chan, Kim Sang-Keun, Lee Hui-Min, Sung Hye-Jin, Park Hwa-Jin, Song Yong-Beom, Yoo Eun-Sook, Lee Choong-Hwan, Rhee Man-Hee
School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2006 Jan;58(1):113-9. doi: 10.1211/jpp.58.1.0014.
Opuntia humifusa Raf. (O. humifusa Raf.) is a member of the Cactaceae family. To determine the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of this herb, various solvent fractions (methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water) prepared from the leaves of cacti were tested using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl radical) and xanthine oxidase assays, and nitric oxide (NO)-producing macrophage cells. We found that O. humifusa Raf. displayed potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, all solvent fractions, except for the water layer, showed potent scavenging effects. The scavenging effect of the ethyl acetate fraction was higher than that of the other fractions, with IC50 values of 3.6 and 48.2 microg mL(-1). According to activity-guided fractionation, one of the active radical scavenging principles in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be quercetin. In contrast, only two fractions (chloroform and ethyl acetate) significantly suppressed nitric oxide production from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions significantly blocked the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. Moreover, ethyl acetate fractions significantly blocked the expression of IL-1beta from the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. Therefore, the results suggested that O. humifusa Raf. may modulate radical-induced toxicity via both direct scavenging activity and the inhibition of reactive species generation, and the modulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, O. humifusa Raf. may be useful as a functional food or drug against reactive species-mediated disease.
平卧仙人掌（Opuntia humifusa Raf.）是仙人掌科的一员。为了确定这种草本植物的抗氧化和抗炎作用，使用二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）和黄嘌呤氧化酶测定法以及产生一氧化氮（NO）的巨噬细胞，对从仙人掌叶片中制备的各种溶剂提取物（甲醇、己烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、丁醇和水）进行了测试。我们发现平卧仙人掌具有强大的抗氧化和抗炎活性。因此，除水层外的所有溶剂提取物均显示出强大的清除作用。乙酸乙酯提取物的清除效果高于其他提取物，其半数抑制浓度（IC50）值分别为3.6和48.2微克/毫升。根据活性导向分级分离，发现乙酸乙酯提取物中的一种活性自由基清除成分是槲皮素。相比之下，只有两个提取物（氯仿和乙酸乙酯）显著抑制脂多糖（LPS）激活的RAW264.7细胞产生一氧化氮。此外，氯仿和乙酸乙酯提取物显著阻断LPS刺激的RAW264.7细胞中诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的表达。此外，乙酸乙酯提取物显著阻断LPS刺激的RAW264.7细胞中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的表达。因此，结果表明平卧仙人掌可能通过直接清除活性和抑制活性物质生成以及调节炎性细胞因子的表达来调节自由基诱导的毒性。最后，平卧仙人掌可能作为一种功能性食品或药物用于对抗活性物质介导的疾病。
