Fernández-Nieto Mar, Quirce Santiago, Carnés Jerónimo, Sastre Joaquín
Department of Allergy, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 Jun;79(6):483-6. doi: 10.1007/s00420-005-0078-z. Epub 2006 Jan 10.
Exposure to chromium and nickel salts is a poorly characterized cause of occupational asthma.
We describe four patients with work-related asthma due to metallic salts. Skin-prick tests to potassium dichromate and nickel sulfate were performed. The patients underwent methacholine inhalation tests and specific inhalation challenges (SIC) with both chromium and nickel salts.
Two patients showed positive skin-prick tests to potassium dichromate and nickel sulfate. All patients had bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, which increased 24 h after SIC with metallic salts. SIC with potassium dichromate elicited late asthmatic reactions (LAR) in two workers, one subject had an early asthmatic reaction (EAR), and another subject showed a dual asthmatic reaction (DAR). SIC with nickel sulfate induced a DAR in one subject and a late asthmatic reaction in another.
Chromium and nickel salts can give rise to occupational asthma in exposed workers. The underlying mechanism may be IgE-mediated in some cases.
接触铬盐和镍盐是职业性哮喘的一个特征不明的病因。
我们描述了4例因金属盐导致的与工作相关的哮喘患者。对重铬酸钾和硫酸镍进行了皮肤点刺试验。患者接受了乙酰甲胆碱吸入试验以及铬盐和镍盐的特异性吸入激发试验（SIC）。
2例患者对重铬酸钾和硫酸镍的皮肤点刺试验呈阳性。所有患者对乙酰甲胆碱均有支气管高反应性，在金属盐SIC后24小时反应增强。重铬酸钾SIC在2名工人中引发了迟发性哮喘反应（LAR），1名受试者出现了早发性哮喘反应（EAR），另1名受试者表现为双重哮喘反应（DAR）。硫酸镍SIC在1名受试者中诱发了DAR，在另1名受试者中诱发了迟发性哮喘反应。
铬盐和镍盐可导致接触工人发生职业性哮喘。在某些情况下，潜在机制可能是IgE介导的。
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