Ledrans Martine, Bretin Philippe, Gourier-Fréry Claire, Lecoffre Camille, Le Moal Joëlle, Salines Georges
Institut de veille sanitaire, 12, rue du Val d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice.
Rev Prat. 2005 Nov 30;55(18):2016-25.
Health scares have entailed an increasing concern about environmental risks for populations. Authorities' response was to set up a system for the analysis, surveillance and management of environmental risks. Practitioners have an important role to play in this system, as primary actors of surveillance and as a close source of information about the environmental risks for the population. Three examples are developed. Children's lead poisoning still exists and entails irreversible neuropsychic deficits. Its diagnosis rests upon the recognition of risk factors and the prescription of a test of blood lead level. Carbon monoxide poisoning is the first cause of mortality by acute poisoning in France and it causes several thousand hospitalizations every year. Notification of the cases of lead and carbon monoxide poisonings is indispensable to remove their causes. Links between cancer and environment are an important social concern and a public health issue. Practitioners have a key role to play not only in the communication on this subject, but also to notify disturbing sanitary events and participate in the local investigations.
健康恐慌引发了人们对人群面临的环境风险的日益关注。当局的应对措施是建立一个环境风险分析、监测和管理系统。从业者在这个系统中发挥着重要作用，他们是监测的主要行动者，也是有关人群环境风险的直接信息来源。文中列举了三个例子。儿童铅中毒仍然存在，并会导致不可逆转的神经精神缺陷。其诊断依赖于对风险因素的识别以及血铅水平检测的医嘱。一氧化碳中毒是法国急性中毒致死的首要原因，每年导致数千人住院。通报铅中毒和一氧化碳中毒病例对于消除其成因必不可少。癌症与环境之间的联系是一个重要的社会关切和公共卫生问题。从业者不仅在关于这个问题的沟通中发挥关键作用，而且要通报令人不安的卫生事件并参与当地调查。
