Muehleman Carol, Li Jun, Zhong Zhong, Brankov Jovan G, Wernick Miles N
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
J Anat. 2006 Jan;208(1):115-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00502.x.
Conventional radiography only provides a measure of the X-ray attenuation caused by an object; thus, it is insensitive to other inherent informative effects, such as refraction. Furthermore, conventional radiographs are degraded by X-ray scatter that can obscure important details of the object being imaged. The novel X-ray technology diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) has recently allowed the visualization of nearly scatter-free images displaying both attenuation and refraction properties. A new method termed multiple-image radiography (MIR) is a significant improvement over DEI, corrects errors in DEI, is more robust to noise and produces an additional image that is entirely new to medical imaging. This new image, which portrays ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) conveys the presence of microstructure in the object, thus differentiating homogeneous tissues from tissues that are irregular on a scale of micrometres. The aim of this study was to examine the use of MIR for evaluation of soft tissue, and in particular to conduct a preliminary investigation of the USAXS image, which has not previously been used in tissue imaging.
传统放射成像仅能测量物体引起的X射线衰减；因此，它对其他固有的信息效应（如折射）不敏感。此外，传统的X光片会因X射线散射而质量下降，这可能会掩盖被成像物体的重要细节。新型X射线技术——衍射增强成像（DEI）最近能够实现几乎无散射图像的可视化，这些图像同时显示了衰减和折射特性。一种称为多图像放射成像（MIR）的新方法是对DEI的重大改进，它纠正了DEI中的误差，对噪声更具鲁棒性，并生成了一幅医学成像领域全新的额外图像。这幅描绘超小角X射线散射（USAXS）的新图像传达了物体中微观结构的存在，从而区分了均匀组织和微米级不规则组织。本研究的目的是研究MIR在软组织评估中的应用，特别是对USAXS图像进行初步研究，此前该图像尚未用于组织成像。
