Sellers Eric W, Donchin Emanuel
New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, E1001 Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201, USA.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Mar;117(3):538-48. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2005.06.027. Epub 2006 Feb 7.
The current study evaluates the effectiveness of a brain-computer interface (BCI) system that operates by detecting a P300 elicited by one of four randomly presented stimuli (i.e. YES, NO, PASS, END).
Two groups of participants were tested. The first group included three amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients that varied in degree of disability, but all retained the ability to communicate; the second group included three non-ALS controls. Each participant participated in ten experimental sessions during a period of approximately 6 weeks. During each run the participant's task was to attend to one stimulus and disregard the other three. Stimuli were presented auditorily, visually, or in both modes.
Two of the 3 ALS patient's classification rates were equal to those achieved by the non-ALS participants. Waveform morphology varied as a function of the presentation mode, but not in a similar pattern for each participant.
The event-related potentials elicited by the target stimuli could be discriminated from the non-target stimuli for the non-ALS and the ALS groups. Future studies will begin to examine online classification.
The results of offline classification suggest that a P300-based BCI can serve as a non-muscular communication device in both ALS, and non-ALS control groups.
本研究评估一种脑机接口（BCI）系统的有效性，该系统通过检测由四个随机呈现的刺激之一（即“是”、“否”、“通过”、“结束”）诱发的P300来运行。
对两组参与者进行了测试。第一组包括三名肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）患者，他们的残疾程度各不相同，但都保留了沟通能力；第二组包括三名非ALS对照者。每位参与者在大约6周的时间内参加了十次实验。在每次实验中，参与者的任务是关注一个刺激并忽略其他三个刺激。刺激以听觉、视觉或两种模式呈现。
3名ALS患者中有2名的分类率与非ALS参与者相同。波形形态随呈现模式而变化，但每个参与者的变化模式并不相似。
对于非ALS组和ALS组，目标刺激诱发的事件相关电位可以与非目标刺激区分开来。未来的研究将开始探讨在线分类。
离线分类结果表明，基于P300的BCI可以作为ALS组和非ALS对照组的非肌肉通信设备。
