Kotz Catherine M, Levine James A
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Minn Med. 2005 Sep;88(9):54-7.
Obesity develops when there is an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, which can vary daily within and among individuals. High levels of energy intake and low levels of energy expenditure contribute to obesity, both together and independently. Energy expenditure from exercise associated with formal programs is encouraged for health and weight loss, but most individuals get very little formal exercise. Nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is the cumulative energy expended through all other activities of daily living. It is highly variable among individuals; it is controlled by the environment and, possibly, neurobiologically. Mounting evidence suggests that NEAT is critical in determining a person's susceptibility to body fat deposition and is a major factor in human obesity. Recent research supported by the Minnesota Partnership for Biotechnology and Medical Genomics, a state-sponsored collaborative effort of the University of Minnesota and Mayo Clinic, is helping to define the complex brain regulation of NEAT and its role in obesity. This article reviews the evidence for NEAT and the impact of NEAT on obesity.
当能量摄入与能量消耗之间出现失衡时，肥胖就会产生，这种失衡在个体内部以及个体之间每天都会有所不同。高能量摄入和低能量消耗，无论是共同作用还是单独作用，都会导致肥胖。为了健康和减肥，人们鼓励通过正规锻炼计划进行运动来消耗能量，但大多数人进行的正规锻炼很少。非运动活动产热（NEAT）是通过所有其他日常活动消耗的累积能量。个体之间差异很大；它受环境控制，也可能受神经生物学控制。越来越多的证据表明，NEAT对于确定一个人身体脂肪沉积的易感性至关重要，并且是导致人类肥胖的一个主要因素。由明尼苏达大学和梅奥诊所共同开展的一项由州政府资助的合作项目——明尼苏达生物技术与医学基因组学合作组织支持的近期研究，正在帮助明确NEAT复杂的大脑调节机制及其在肥胖中的作用。本文综述了关于NEAT的证据以及NEAT对肥胖的影响。
