Leske M Cristina, Wu Suh-Yuh, Hennis Anselm, Nemesure Barbara, Schachat Andrew P, Hyman Leslie, Yang Ling
Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8036, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Feb;124(2):250-5. doi: 10.1001/archopht.124.2.250.
To estimate the 9-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a population with the same ancestry as African Americans.
Participants with diabetes mellitus and gradable photographs at the 9-year examination were evaluated (n = 436). The incidences of minimum/moderate/severe DR, clinically significant macular edema (CSME), and sight-threatening DR (severe DR plus CSME) were defined by the development of specific diabetic changes in persons without those conditions at baseline. Progression was defined as the development of severe/proliferative DR in persons with minimum/moderate DR at baseline.
The 9-year DR incidence was 39.6% (38.0% for minimum, 9.0% for moderate, and 2.6% for severe/proliferative DR). Incidence tended to increase with diabetes duration and treatment. Of persons with preexisting DR at baseline, 8.2% progressed to proliferative DR. The CSME incidence was 8.7%, and it increased with diabetes duration, accounting for most of the overall incidence of sight-threatening DR.
The study provides new data on long-term incidence among persons of African origin. Results suggest a possible lower risk of severe/proliferative DR than in whites, while CSME incidence seems comparable or higher. The main component of sight-threatening DR was CSME, highlighting the importance of DR as a cause of vision loss in this population.
评估与非裔美国人有相同血统人群中糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的9年发病率。
对9年检查时患有糖尿病且有可分级照片的参与者进行评估（n = 436）。最小/中度/重度DR、临床显著性黄斑水肿（CSME）和威胁视力的DR（重度DR加CSME）的发病率通过基线时无这些情况的人出现特定糖尿病变化来定义。进展定义为基线时患有最小/中度DR的人发展为重度/增殖性DR。
9年DR发病率为39.6%（最小DR为38.0%，中度DR为9.0%，重度/增殖性DR为2.6%）。发病率倾向于随糖尿病病程和治疗而增加。基线时已有DR的人中，8.2%进展为增殖性DR。CSME发病率为8.7%，且随糖尿病病程增加，占威胁视力的DR总体发病率的大部分。
该研究提供了关于非洲裔人群长期发病率的新数据。结果表明，重度/增殖性DR的风险可能低于白人，而CSME发病率似乎相当或更高。威胁视力的DR的主要组成部分是CSME，突出了DR作为该人群视力丧失原因的重要性。
