Rodríguez-Calleja Jose M, García-López Isabel, Santos Jesús A, Otero Andrés, García-Lopez María-Luisa
Department of Food Hygiene and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of León, E-24071 León, Spain.
Res Microbiol. 2006 Jun;157(5):496-502. doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2005.11.011. Epub 2006 Jan 23.
Twenty-six Staphylococcus aureus isolates were recovered from rabbit carcasses and cuts during a period of seven months. Samples from 51 different animals, flocks and farms were obtained from five establishments in four Spanish provinces. To determine their diversity and possible origin, isolates were typed by three molecular and three phenotypic methods. PFGE, with the highest discrimination index (D=0.966), identified 19 patterns (more than one band difference) and 10 types (more than three band differences). Based on > or = 90% similarity, RAPD (D=0.877) produced nine patterns while ribotyping (D=0.786) produced seven types. On the basis of biotyping (D=0.644), 11 isolates belonged to human ecovars and 15 to the non-host-specific crystal violet type C (NHS CV:C) biotypes. By direct phage typing (D=0.761), 17 isolates were lysed by human phages into groups II (8 isolates), III (5 isolates), I/III (2 isolates) and V (2 isolates). The overall resistance to antimicrobials (D=0.783) was 76.9%, with most isolates being resistant to tetracycline (61.5%) and penicillin G (26.9%). PFGE showed that samples from each processing plant carried different S. aureus types, some of them persisting over time. There also was evidence of interestablishment dissemination of genetically related clones, most of them belonging to the PFGE type A and phenotype "NHS CV:C biotypes-3A/3C/55/71 phage type", which is highly virulent for European commercial rabbitries. The ubiquity of the virulent phenotype, as well as the high incidence of resistance to antibiotics with application in human medicine, is a matter of concern in public and animal health.
在七个月的时间里，从兔胴体和切块中分离出了26株金黄色葡萄球菌。从西班牙四个省份的五个场所采集了来自51只不同动物、鸡群和农场的样本。为了确定它们的多样性和可能的来源，采用三种分子方法和三种表型方法对分离株进行分型。脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）的鉴别指数最高（D=0.966），鉴定出19种图谱（相差一条以上条带）和10种类型（相差三条以上条带）。基于≥90%的相似性，随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD，D=0.877）产生了9种图谱，而核糖体分型（D=0.786）产生了7种类型。根据生物分型（D=0.644），11株分离株属于人类生态型，15株属于非宿主特异性结晶紫C型（NHS CV:C）生物型。通过直接噬菌体分型（D=0.761），17株分离株被人类噬菌体裂解为II组（8株）、III组（5株）、I/III组（2株）和V组（2株）。对抗菌药物的总体耐药率（D=0.783）为76.9%，大多数分离株对四环素（61.5%）和青霉素G（26.9%）耐药。PFGE显示，每个加工厂的样本携带不同类型的金黄色葡萄球菌，其中一些随着时间的推移持续存在。也有证据表明，具有遗传相关性的克隆在不同场所之间传播，其中大多数属于PFGE A型和“NHS CV:C生物型-3A/3C/55/71噬菌体型”表型，这种表型对欧洲商业兔场具有高度毒性。这种强毒表型的普遍存在，以及对用于人类医学的抗生素的高耐药率，是公共卫生和动物卫生领域令人担忧的问题。
