Kappus K D, Bigler W J, McLean R G, Trevino H A
National Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 1970 Oct;6(4):507-9. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-6.4.507.
The geographic distribution of enzootic rabies in raccoons is currently limited to Florida and Georgia. The enzootic area has steadily expanded northward into Georgia during the 1960's. An epizootic in a population of raccoons closely associated with the human residents of a small, off-shore island was investigated. Forty-seven raccoons from the island were confirmed rabies positive by the State Laboratory from January 22 to May 20, 1969. About 10 percent of the raccoons trapped during the peak of the epizootic were positive and all of these had high titers of virus in their salivary glands but were asymptomatic in behavior. Human exposure typically resulted from close approach to a "sick" raccoon. Similar outbreaks may occur elsewhere when humans live in close contact with a semi-domesticated raccoon population. Rabies vaccination of raccoons should be considered as an alternative to population reduction in such situations.
浣熊地方性狂犬病的地理分布目前仅限于佛罗里达州和佐治亚州。在20世纪60年代，该地方性流行区域已稳步向北扩展至佐治亚州。对一个与近海小岛上的人类居民密切相关的浣熊种群中的一次 epizootic 进行了调查。1969年1月22日至5月20日期间，该州实验室确认来自该岛的47只浣熊狂犬病呈阳性。在 epizootic 高峰期捕获的浣熊中，约10%呈阳性，所有这些浣熊的唾液腺中都有高滴度的病毒，但行为上无症状。人类暴露通常是由于近距离接触“生病”的浣熊。当人类与半驯化的浣熊种群密切接触时，其他地方可能会发生类似的疫情。在这种情况下，应考虑对浣熊进行狂犬病疫苗接种，作为减少种群数量的替代方法。 （注：epizootic 这个词在中文里没有完全对应的词，可意译为“动物疫病流行”之类的表述，但这里保留原文未翻译，因为题目要求不要添加其他任何解释或说明）
