Burt Brian A
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 Observatory St., Ann Arbor, Mich. 48109-2029, USA.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2006 Feb;137(2):190-6. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0144.
The author compared the caries-inhibitory action of sorbitol- and xylitol-sweetened chewing gum and assessed the role of these products in caries prevention.
The author reviewed studies including randomized field trials with substantial numbers of participants and observational studies. He did not review case studies. He found studies through a MEDLINE search and by hand searching.
When compared with sugar-sweetened gum, sorbitol-sweetened gum had low cariogenicity [corrected] when it was chewed no more than three times per day. Xylitol-sweetened gum was noncariogenic in all of the protocols tested. Some studies claimed that xylitol-sweetened gum had an anticariogenic effect, though these claims need further study. There also is good evidence that when mothers of infants and young children chew xylitol-sweetened gum, it will block transmission of mutans streptococci from mother to child.
The evidence is strong enough to support the regular use of xylitol-sweetened gum as a way to prevent caries, and it can be promoted as a public-health preventive measure. Chewing xylitol-sweetened gum, especially for patients who like chewing gum, can be fitted readily into a regimen that includes frequent fluoride exposure, good oral hygiene and regular dental appointments.
作者比较了山梨醇和木糖醇甜味口香糖的防龋作用，并评估了这些产品在预防龋齿中的作用。
作者回顾了包括大量参与者的随机现场试验和观察性研究。他没有回顾案例研究。他通过MEDLINE检索和手工检索找到了研究。
与含糖口香糖相比，每天咀嚼不超过三次时，山梨醇甜味口香糖的致龋性较低[已修正]。在所有测试方案中，木糖醇甜味口香糖均无致龋性。一些研究声称木糖醇甜味口香糖具有防龋作用，不过这些说法需要进一步研究。也有充分证据表明，婴幼儿的母亲咀嚼木糖醇甜味口香糖时，可阻断变形链球菌从母亲向孩子的传播。
证据充分支持将经常使用木糖醇甜味口香糖作为预防龋齿的一种方法，并可将其作为一项公共卫生预防措施加以推广。咀嚼木糖醇甜味口香糖，特别是对于喜欢嚼口香糖的患者，很容易纳入包括频繁接触氟化物、良好口腔卫生和定期看牙医的方案中。
