Rai Arundhati, Mohapatra Sadhu C, Shukla Hari S
Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2006 Apr;15(2):134-7. doi: 10.1097/01.cej.0000197454.87356.4c.
The results of several studies indicate that a diet rich in fresh vegetables protects against several common epithelial neoplasms. This probable effect has been related to specific micronutrients contained in vegetables. In the present case-control study a systematic assessment of the relationship between vegetable intake and the risk of gallbladder cancer has been undertaken. The study is of particular interest in order to better understand the quantifying effect of vegetable consumption with regard to gallbladder cancer. One hundred and fifty-three patients with gallbladder cancer and 153 controls with gallstone disease were included. Each patient's consumption of vegetables was assessed by using a food frequency questionnaire. The frequency of vegetable consumption was divided into three levels: > or =3 days/week, 1-2 days/week and no or rare consumption. Participants were divided into three groups according to the level of vegetable intake. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed for subsequent levels of vegetable consumption compared with the high level of consumption. A low consumption of vegetables showed an increase in odds ratio for gallbladder cancer for almost all the vegetables studied. A significant inverse trend was observed for green leafy vegetables and gallbladder cancer. An inverse association was observed for amaranth with an OR of 3.45 for the low vs. high level of consumption. Corresponding values were 2.14 for spinach, 1.86 for bathua, 1.02 for bengalgram leaves, 2.26 for cabbage, 3.06 for fenugreek leaves, 1.95 for mustard leaves and 1.44 for radish leaves. An inverse relationship between the risk of gallbladder cancer and the level of vegetable consumption was observed.
多项研究结果表明，富含新鲜蔬菜的饮食可预防几种常见的上皮肿瘤。这种可能的效果与蔬菜中所含的特定微量营养素有关。在本病例对照研究中，对蔬菜摄入量与胆囊癌风险之间的关系进行了系统评估。为了更好地了解蔬菜消费对胆囊癌的量化影响，该研究特别引人关注。研究纳入了153例胆囊癌患者和153例患有胆结石疾病的对照者。通过使用食物频率问卷评估每位患者的蔬菜消费量。蔬菜消费频率分为三个水平：≥3天/周、1 - 2天/周以及无或很少消费。参与者根据蔬菜摄入量水平分为三组。计算了与高消费水平相比，后续蔬菜消费水平的比值比和95%置信区间。几乎所有研究的蔬菜，低蔬菜消费量都显示胆囊癌的比值比增加。观察到绿叶蔬菜与胆囊癌之间存在显著的负相关趋势。对于苋菜，低消费水平与高消费水平相比，观察到负相关，比值比为3.45。菠菜的相应值为2.14，菠菜叶的相应值为1.86，孟加拉豆叶的相应值为1.02，卷心菜的相应值为2.26，葫芦巴叶的相应值为3.06，芥菜叶的相应值为1.95，萝卜叶的相应值为1.44。观察到胆囊癌风险与蔬菜消费水平之间存在负相关关系。
