Benito E, Stiggelbout A, Bosch F X, Obrador A, Kaldor J, Mulet M, Muñoz N
Unitat d'Epidemiologia i Registre de Càncer de Mallorca, Spain.
Int J Cancer. 1991 Sep 9;49(2):161-7. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910490202.
The relationship between energy intake, selected nutrients and colorectal cancer was investigated in the population of Majorca, a Spanish island in the Mediterranean basin. A population-based case-control study using food frequency questionnaires was conducted during the period 1984-1988 and included 286 cases of colorectal cancer, 295 population controls and 203 hospital controls. Food composition tables and ad-hoc estimates of portion sizes were used to derive intake estimates of 29 nutrients and of total calories. Relative risks were calculated for quartiles of consumption of each specific nutrient after adjustment for total calorie intake. Colorectal cancer was found associated with dietary intake of total calories (RRs = 1.0, 1.6, 1.6, 2.6) and cholesterol (RRs = 1.0, 0.9, 1.7, 1.7) and a protective effect was associated with the intake of fibre from legumes (pulses) and folic acid. The associations and the trends were statistically significant. Among the main energy-supplying nutrients, after adjustment for calories from other sources, increased risks were found for protein (RRs = 1.0, 1.1, 1.7, 2.5), notably animal protein, and carbohydrates (RRs = 1.0, 1.5, 1.4, 2.2), whereas no effects were found for increased consumption of lipids or saturated fats.
在地中海盆地的西班牙岛屿马略卡岛的人群中，对能量摄入、特定营养素与结直肠癌之间的关系进行了调查。在1984年至1988年期间开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，使用食物频率问卷，纳入了286例结直肠癌病例、295名人群对照和203名医院对照。利用食物成分表和对食物分量的特别估计，得出了29种营养素和总热量的摄入量估计值。在对总热量摄入进行调整后，计算了每种特定营养素四分位数摄入量的相对风险。发现结直肠癌与总热量（相对风险分别为1.0、1.6、1.6、2.6）和胆固醇（相对风险分别为1.0、0.9、1.7、1.7）的膳食摄入量有关，而豆类（豆类）纤维和叶酸的摄入具有保护作用。这些关联和趋势具有统计学意义。在主要的供能营养素中，在对来自其他来源的热量进行调整后，发现蛋白质（相对风险分别为1.0、1.1、1.7、2.5），尤其是动物蛋白，以及碳水化合物（相对风险分别为1.0、1.5、1.4、2.2）的摄入量增加会增加风险，而脂质或饱和脂肪摄入量增加未发现有影响。
