Erdman Kelly Anne, Fung Tak S, Reimer Raylene A
Faculty of Kinesiology, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Feb;38(2):349-56. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000187332.92169.e0.
It is well documented that athletes report greater dietary supplement (DS) usage than nonathletes; however, limited data exist for Canadian athletes, especially relative to competitive performance levels.
This descriptive and analytical, cross-sectional research investigated DS practices and opinions, preferred means for DS education, and antidoping opinions among elite Canadian athletes competing at various performance levels.
Subjects completed a validated questionnaire by recall. Combined, 582 high-performance athletes (314 M, 268 F) between the ages of 11 and 42 yr (mean 19.96 +/- 3.91 yr) and representing 27 sports activities participated. Respondents were categorized into five competitive performance levels: provincial (68), national (101), North America (61), international or professional (89), and varsity (263).
Overall, most (88.4%) reported taking one or more DS during the previous 6 months (mean 3.08 +/- 1.87 DS per user). From a total of 1555 DS declared, sport drinks (22.4%), sport bars (14.0%), multivitamins and minerals (13.5%), protein supplements (9.0%), and vitamin C (6.4%) were most frequently reported. Athletes at the highest performance level were significantly more likely to use protein supplements, to be advised by strength trainers regarding DS usage, to have a higher self-rating of their diet, to prefer individual interviews for DS educational purposes, to perceive greater awareness of antidoping legislation, and train more h.wk(-1). Furthermore, differences were observed for the types of DS reported and justifications for use.
This dataset, the first of its kind in Canada, was generated with a validated and reliable questionnaire and has the potential to be extended nationally and internationally to provide greater insight into the patterns and opinions of elite athletes regarding supplementation and antidoping.
有充分记录表明，运动员报告的膳食补充剂（DS）使用量高于非运动员；然而，加拿大运动员的数据有限，尤其是与竞技表现水平相关的数据。
这项描述性和分析性的横断面研究调查了不同竞技水平的加拿大精英运动员的DS使用情况和观点、DS教育的首选方式以及反兴奋剂观点。
受试者通过回忆完成一份经过验证的问卷。共有582名年龄在11至42岁（平均19.96 +/- 3.91岁）、代表27项体育活动的高水平运动员（314名男性，268名女性）参与。受访者被分为五个竞技表现水平：省级（68人）、国家级（101人）、北美级（61人）、国际或职业级（89人）以及大学代表队级（263人）。
总体而言，大多数（88.4%）报告在前6个月服用了一种或多种DS（每位使用者平均3.08 +/- 1.87种DS）。在总共申报的1555种DS中，运动饮料（22.4%）、运动棒（14.0%）、多种维生素和矿物质（13.5%）、蛋白质补充剂（9.0%）和维生素C（6.4%）是最常被报告的。竞技水平最高的运动员更有可能使用蛋白质补充剂，在DS使用方面接受力量训练师的建议，对自己的饮食有更高的自我评价，更喜欢为DS教育目的进行个人访谈，认为对反兴奋剂立法的认识更高，并每周训练更多小时。此外，在报告的DS类型和使用理由方面也观察到了差异。
这个数据集是加拿大首个此类数据集，通过经过验证且可靠的问卷生成，有潜力在国内和国际上进行扩展，以更深入地了解精英运动员在补充剂和反兴奋剂方面的模式和观点。
