University of Calgary Sport Medicine Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2012 Feb;22(1):31-7. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.22.1.31.
Dietary supplementation is a common practice in athletes with a desire to enhance performance, training, exercise recovery, and health. Supplementation habits of elite athletes in western Canada have been documented, but research is lacking on supplement use by athletes across Canada. The purpose of this descriptive study was to evaluate the dietary supplementation practices and perspectives of high-performance Canadian athletes affiliated with each of the country's eight Canadian Sport Centres. Dietitians administered a validated survey to 440 athletes (63% women, 37% men; M=19.99±5.20 yr) representing 34 sports who predominantly trained≥16 hr/wk, most competing in "power" based sports. Within the previous 6 months, 87% declared having taken≥3 dietary supplements, with sports drinks, multivitamin and mineral preparations, carbohydrate sports bars, protein powder, and meal-replacement products the most prevalent supplements reported. Primary sources of information on supplementation, supplementation justification, and preferred means of supplementation education were identified. Fifty-nine percent reported awareness of current World Anti-Doping Agency legislation, and 83% subjectively believed they were in compliance with such anti-doping regulations. It was concluded that supplementation rates are not declining in Canada, current advisors on supplementation for this athletic population are not credible, and sports medicine physicians and dietitians need to consider proactive strategies to improve their influence on supplementation practices in these elite athletes.
饮食补充是运动员提高表现、训练、运动恢复和健康的常见做法。已经记录了加拿大西部精英运动员的补充习惯，但缺乏关于加拿大各地运动员补充剂使用情况的研究。本描述性研究的目的是评估与加拿大八个体育中心中的每个中心相关联的高性能加拿大运动员的饮食补充实践和观点。营养师向 440 名运动员（63%女性，37%男性；M=19.99±5.20 岁）发放了一份经过验证的调查问卷，这些运动员代表了 34 项运动，主要训练时间≥16 小时/周，大多数参加“力量”型运动。在过去的 6 个月中，87%的人宣称服用了≥3 种饮食补充剂，最常见的补充剂包括运动饮料、多种维生素和矿物质制剂、碳水化合物运动棒、蛋白粉和代餐产品。确定了补充信息的主要来源、补充剂使用的正当理由以及补充剂教育的首选方式。59%的人报告意识到世界反兴奋剂机构目前的立法，83%的人主观上认为他们遵守了这些反兴奋剂规定。结论是，加拿大的补充剂使用率并没有下降，目前为这一运动员群体提供补充剂的顾问不可信，运动医学医生和营养师需要考虑采取积极主动的策略，以提高他们对这些精英运动员补充剂使用的影响。
