Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 3;13(11):3935. doi: 10.3390/nu13113935.
The misuse of dietary supplements and doping substances is commonly associated with toxicity, nutritional imbalances, and health and psychological consequences. This is alarming especially in light of the increasing prevalence of the use of dietary supplements and doping, particularly among young adults including athletes. There is evidence that education interventions can lead to improved knowledge, intentions, and practices. However, no review has summarized and evaluated the effectiveness of such interventions. The aim of this article is to review the characteristics, contents and effects of education interventions that were designed and implemented to improve knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and intentions with respect to the use of dietary supplements and doping agents in different populations. PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Google Scholar were searched for English-language education interventions targeting dietary supplements and doping substances. A total of 20 articles were identified and have generally provided consistent findings. Most interventions reported a significant improvement in knowledge on dietary supplements and doping agents. Unfortunately, the heavy reliance on self-reported assessment tools limits the validity of these interventions, with almost all articles targeting athletes and adolescents.
膳食补充剂和兴奋剂的滥用通常与毒性、营养失衡以及健康和心理后果有关。鉴于膳食补充剂和兴奋剂的使用日益普及，特别是在包括运动员在内的年轻成年人中，这种情况尤其令人担忧。有证据表明，教育干预可以提高知识、意图和实践。然而，还没有综述总结和评估此类干预的效果。本文的目的是综述针对不同人群设计和实施的旨在提高对膳食补充剂和兴奋剂使用的知识、态度、信念和意图的教育干预的特点、内容和效果。在 PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL、PsycInfo 和 Google Scholar 上搜索了针对膳食补充剂和兴奋剂的英文教育干预措施。共确定了 20 篇文章，这些文章通常提供了一致的结果。大多数干预措施报告称，在膳食补充剂和兴奋剂方面的知识有了显著提高。不幸的是，这些干预措施严重依赖于自我报告的评估工具，限制了这些干预措施的有效性，而且几乎所有文章都以运动员和青少年为目标人群。
