Žemličková Helena, Melter Oto, Urbášková Pavla
National Institute of Public Health, Šrobárova 48, 100 42 Prague 10, Czech Republic.
J Med Microbiol. 2006 Apr;55(Pt 4):437-442. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.46270-0.
Since 1986, penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci (PNSP) have been found in the Czech Republic. As documented by a nationwide study, the proportion of invasive strains with reduced susceptibility to penicillin has fluctuated around 5 % in the past decade. Although the level of resistance to penicillin remains stable, the contribution of different capsular serotypes among the PNSP population varies. Whereas serotype 19A was predominantly associated with penicillin resistance until 1997, serotype 9V became most common among PNSP strains in 1998. In a collection of PNSP strains (n=225) isolated from 2000 to 2002, the most frequent serotype was 9V (n=91, 40.4 %), followed by 19F (n=30, 13.3 %) and 14 (n=25, 11.5 %). PFGE and multilocus sequence typing were used to characterize a set of PNSP of the currently predominant serotypes 9V (n=42), 14 (n=15) and 19F (n=14). The Spain(9V)-3 clone [sequence type (ST) 156] was responsible for a large proportion (100 % of serotype 9V strains, n=42; 93.3 % of serotype 14 strains, n=14) of the analysed strains. A representative of the Taiwan(19F)-14 clone (ST 236) was also recovered in the Czech Republic (a single isolate of serotype 19F). These findings confirm the spread of the major penicillin-resistant clones in the Czech Republic.
自1986年以来，在捷克共和国已发现对青霉素不敏感的肺炎球菌（PNSP）。一项全国性研究表明，过去十年中对青霉素敏感性降低的侵袭性菌株比例一直在5%左右波动。尽管对青霉素的耐药水平保持稳定，但PNSP群体中不同荚膜血清型的贡献有所不同。1997年之前，19A血清型主要与青霉素耐药相关，而1998年9V血清型在PNSP菌株中最为常见。在2000年至2002年分离的一组PNSP菌株（n = 225）中，最常见的血清型是9V（n = 91，40.4%），其次是19F（n = 30，13.3%）和14（n = 25，11.5%）。采用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）和多位点序列分型对目前占主导地位的血清型9V（n = 42）、14（n = 15）和19F（n = 14）的一组PNSP进行特征分析。西班牙（9V）-3克隆[序列类型（ST）156]在分析的菌株中占很大比例（9V血清型菌株的100%，n = 42；14血清型菌株的93.3%，n = 14）。在捷克共和国也发现了台湾（19F）-14克隆（ST 236）的一个代表菌株（一株19F血清型分离株）。这些发现证实了主要耐青霉素克隆在捷克共和国的传播。
