Browne Annette J, Smye Victoria L, Varcoe Colleen
Canadian Institutes of Health Research, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Can J Nurs Res. 2005 Dec;37(4):16-37.
The authors critically examine the relevance of postcolonial theoretical perspectives to nursing research in the area of Aboriginal health. They discuss key theoretical underpinnings of postcolonial theory, citing differences and commonalities in postcolonial theory, postcolonial indigenous thinking, and other forms of critical theory. Drawing on insights from Aboriginal scholars, they critique the relevance of postcolonial discourses to issues of concern to Aboriginal peoples, and the potential limitations of those discourses. They then consider the implications of conducting research that is informed by postcolonial perspectives. They argue that postcolonial perspectives provide direction for research with Aboriginal communities in 4 interrelated ways. These are focused on (a) issues of partnership and "voice" in the research process, (b) a commitment to engaging in praxis-oriented inquiry, (c) understanding how continuities from the past shape the present context of health and health care, and (d) the colonizing potential of research. The authors draw attention to the concept of cultural safety as an instrument for incorporating postcolonial perspectives into the realm of nursing. To illustrate applications of postcolonial theory, they give examples from recent research conducted in partnership with Aboriginal communities. Although postcolonial theories are relatively new in nursing discourses, they provide a powerful analytical framework for considering the legacy of the colonial past and the neocolonial present as the context in which health care is delivered.
作者批判性地审视了后殖民理论视角与原住民健康领域护理研究的相关性。他们讨论了后殖民理论的关键理论基础，列举了后殖民理论、后殖民本土思想及其他形式批判理论中的差异与共性。借鉴原住民学者的见解，他们批判了后殖民话语与原住民所关切问题的相关性以及这些话语的潜在局限性。接着，他们思考了以后殖民视角开展研究的影响。他们认为后殖民视角从四个相互关联的方面为与原住民社区的研究提供了方向。这些方面聚焦于：（a）研究过程中的伙伴关系和“话语权”问题；（b）致力于开展以实践为导向的探究；（c）理解过去的延续如何塑造当前的健康及医疗环境；（d）研究的殖民化潜力。作者提请注意文化安全这一概念，它是将后殖民视角纳入护理领域的一种手段。为说明后殖民理论的应用，他们列举了近期与原住民社区合作开展研究的实例。尽管后殖民理论在护理话语中相对较新，但它们为思考殖民历史遗产以及作为提供医疗服务背景的新殖民现状提供了一个强有力的分析框架。
