Portet F, Ousset P J, Visser P J, Frisoni G B, Nobili F, Scheltens Ph, Vellas B, Touchon J
Memory Research Resource Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Neurology B Department, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Montpellier Hospital, Montpellier, France.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;77(6):714-8. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2005.085332. Epub 2006 Mar 20.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was proposed as a nosological entity referring to elderly people with mild cognitive deficit but no dementia. MCI is a heterogeneous clinical entity with multiple sources of heterogeneity. The concept of MCI was reviewed and a diagnostic procedure with three different stages was proposed by the European Consortium on Alzheimer's Disease Working Group on MCI. Firstly, MCI should correspond to cognitive complaints coming from the patients or their families; the reporting of a relative decline in cognitive functioning during the past year by a patient or informant; cognitive disorders as evidenced by clinical evaluation; absence of major repercussions on daily life; and absence of dementia. These criteria, similar to those defined during an international workshop in Stockholm, make it possible to identify an MCI syndrome, which is the first stage of the diagnostic procedure. Secondly, subtypes of MCI had to be recognised. Finally, the aetiopathogenic subtype could be identified. Identifying patients at a high risk for progression to dementia and establishing more specific and adapted therapeutic strategies at an early stage, together with more structured overall management, is made possible by the diagnostic procedure proposed.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）被提出作为一种疾病分类实体，指的是有轻度认知缺陷但无痴呆的老年人。MCI是一个具有多种异质性来源的异质性临床实体。欧洲阿尔茨海默病协会MCI工作组对MCI的概念进行了回顾，并提出了一个包含三个不同阶段的诊断程序。首先，MCI应符合患者或其家属提出的认知主诉；患者或提供信息者报告过去一年认知功能有相对下降；临床评估证明存在认知障碍；对日常生活无重大影响；且无痴呆。这些标准与在斯德哥尔摩举行的一次国际研讨会期间定义的标准相似，使得识别MCI综合征成为可能，这是诊断程序的第一阶段。其次，必须识别MCI的亚型。最后，可以识别病因病理亚型。通过所提出的诊断程序，可以识别出有进展为痴呆高风险的患者，并在早期制定更具体、更合适的治疗策略，以及更结构化的整体管理。
