Regeneration procedures: grafting materials, guided tissue regeneration, and growth factors.

Flap debridement, bone grafting, and guided tissue regeneration have the capacity of regenerating bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum. Alloplastic materials are used to fill periodontal defects, and healing occurs by repair. While varying amounts of new bone may form with allografts, a long junctional epithelium is usually the mode of attachment. Flap debridement has been reported to successfully treat multiple walled intrabony defects. Healing results in bone regeneration. However, there is probably a long junctional epithelium adjacent to the root. Defects treated by guided tissue regeneration have been demonstrated to heal with new cementum, periodontal ligament, and bone. Recently, growth factors have been discussed as a possible means of enhancing wound healing.