Warrier Indulekha, Du Wei, Natarajan Girija, Salari Vali, Aranda Jacob
Division of Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology, 3N47, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, 3901 Beaubien, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Apr;46(4):449-55. doi: 10.1177/0091270005285456.
The objective of this study was to determine drug use in newborns at an inborn tertiary care neonatal intensive care unit, serving a predominantly African American population, to identify educational/research priorities in neonatal drug therapy. Data on demographics and exposure rates to all drugs from 6839 neonates born between January 1997 and June 2004 were analyzed. Number of drugs used was correlated with race, gender, gestational age, birthweight, and survival status. The contribution of these factors to mean drug use was predicted by multivariate regression analysis. In this population of 80% African Americans, mean drug use was 3.6/infant, with the highest use in the 24- to 27-week gestational age group (11.7/infant). Ampicillin and cefotaxime had the highest exposure rates. Premature infants had high use of surfactant, pressor agents, and diuretics. Caucasians, males, gestational age<28 weeks, and birthweight<1000 g were the risk factors for higher drug exposure. Future research/education must emphasize these therapeutic areas with priority assigned to low-birthweight infants.
本研究的目的是确定一家主要服务非裔美国人的三级先天性新生儿重症监护病房中新生儿的药物使用情况，以确定新生儿药物治疗方面的教育/研究重点。分析了1997年1月至2004年6月期间出生的6839名新生儿的人口统计学数据和所有药物的暴露率。使用的药物数量与种族、性别、胎龄、出生体重和生存状况相关。通过多变量回归分析预测这些因素对平均药物使用的影响。在这个80%为非裔美国人的群体中，平均药物使用量为3.6种/婴儿，在胎龄24至27周的组中使用量最高（11.7种/婴儿）。氨苄西林和头孢噻肟的暴露率最高。早产儿对表面活性剂、升压药和利尿剂的使用量较高。白人、男性、胎龄<28周和出生体重<1000 g是药物暴露较高的危险因素。未来的研究/教育必须重点关注这些治疗领域，优先考虑低出生体重儿。
