Eller Triin, Aluoja Anu, Vasar Veiko, Veldi Marlit
Department of Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Depress Anxiety. 2006;23(4):250-6. doi: 10.1002/da.20166.
High emotional stress in medical students has been observed in many studies. Our aim in this article was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression among Estonian medical students and to find relationships between sleep complaints and emotional symptoms. The study group consisted of 413 medical students, ages 19-33 years, at the University of Tartu. Each was asked to complete two questionnaires: the Emotional State Questionnaire (EST-Q), containing 28 questions, and the Questionnaire on Sleep and Daytime Habits, with 25 questions. The anxiety and depression subscales from the EST-Q were applied. From the study group, 21.9% students had symptoms of anxiety, and 30.6% had symptoms of depression. The frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms was higher in females. In regression and multiple regression analysis, we determined which sleep problems were related to emotional symptoms. The associations were different for men and women. In women, anxiety remained significantly related to waking up because of nightmares and feeling tired in the morning; depressive symptoms were related to difficulties in getting to sleep at night, waking up because of nightmares and nocturnal eating habits, daytime sleepiness, and sleepiness during school lessons. In men, significant relations were clear only for depression: difficulties in falling asleep at night before an exam and subjective sleep quality. The study demonstrated that a high percentage of medical students had emotional symptoms. We found that some sleep problems indicated underlying symptoms of anxiety and depression.
许多研究都观察到医学生存在高度的情绪压力。本文的目的是评估爱沙尼亚医学生中焦虑和抑郁症状的患病率，并找出睡眠问题与情绪症状之间的关系。研究组由塔尔图大学413名年龄在19至33岁之间的医学生组成。每位学生都被要求完成两份问卷：包含28个问题的情绪状态问卷（EST-Q）和包含25个问题的睡眠与日间习惯问卷。应用了EST-Q中的焦虑和抑郁分量表。在研究组中，21.9%的学生有焦虑症状，30.6%的学生有抑郁症状。焦虑和抑郁症状在女性中的发生率更高。在回归分析和多元回归分析中，我们确定了哪些睡眠问题与情绪症状有关。男性和女性的关联有所不同。在女性中，焦虑仍与因噩梦醒来以及早晨感到疲倦显著相关；抑郁症状与夜间入睡困难、因噩梦醒来、夜间饮食习惯、白天嗜睡以及上课时困倦有关。在男性中，仅抑郁存在显著关联：考试前一晚难以入睡和主观睡眠质量。该研究表明，很大比例的医学生有情绪症状。我们发现一些睡眠问题表明存在焦虑和抑郁的潜在症状。
