Waked N, Nacouzi R, Haddad N, Zaini R
Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôtel Dieu de France, Beyrouth, Liban.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 2006 Mar;29(3):289-95. doi: 10.1016/s0181-5512(06)73785-8.
To assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, evaluate risk factors underlying its development, and assess the epidemiological characteristics of documented diabetes in the Lebanese population.
The population-based study was conducted in three regions in Lebanon from January 2nd 2000 until June 30th 2000. The study group comprised 112 known diabetic patients who had previously been identified among 4,063 randomly selected individuals. All known diabetic patients underwent an interview, a physical examination, and a thorough retinal examination that included evaluation for the absence or presence of diabetic retinopathy. Retinal examination was performed by an ophthalmologist using direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy through dilated pupils. Several risk factors were then evaluated in order to delineate those related to occurrence of diabetic retinopathy.
The prevalence of known diabetes was 2.95%. Of the 120 known diabetic patients, 112 accepted to be examined. The sex ratio (m:f) was 1.43, the mean patient age was 60.98 years, the mean age at onset of diabetes was 51.75 years, and the mean duration of diabetes was 9.19 years. Type 1 diabetes was found in 1.8% of the patients, whereas 98.2% had type 2 diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy was detected in 19 patients (16.96%). Duration of diabetes, frequency of fundoscopic surveillance, and altered vision were found to be significantly related to the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy.
In our study, diabetic retinopathy was found in 16.96% of known diabetic patients, a lower rate than in most of other countries. Most of the diabetic patients (84.82%) were aware that diabetes causes ocular disease, yet only a few (17.85%) were under regular fundoscopic surveillance.
评估糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率，评估其发生的危险因素，并评估黎巴嫩人群中已确诊糖尿病的流行病学特征。
这项基于人群的研究于2000年1月2日至2000年6月30日在黎巴嫩的三个地区进行。研究组包括112名已知糖尿病患者，这些患者先前是从4063名随机选择的个体中识别出来的。所有已知糖尿病患者均接受了访谈、体格检查以及全面的视网膜检查，包括评估是否存在糖尿病视网膜病变。视网膜检查由眼科医生通过散瞳使用直接和间接检眼镜进行。然后评估了几个危险因素，以确定与糖尿病视网膜病变发生相关的因素。
已知糖尿病的患病率为2.95%。在120名已知糖尿病患者中，112名接受了检查。男女比例（男：女）为1.43，患者平均年龄为60.98岁，糖尿病发病的平均年龄为51.75岁，糖尿病的平均病程为9.19年。1.8%的患者患有1型糖尿病，而98.2%的患者患有2型糖尿病。在19名患者（16.96%）中检测到糖尿病视网膜病变。糖尿病病程、眼底镜检查监测频率和视力改变与糖尿病视网膜病变的发生显著相关。
在我们的研究中，16.96%的已知糖尿病患者患有糖尿病视网膜病变，这一比例低于大多数其他国家。大多数糖尿病患者（84.82%）知道糖尿病会导致眼部疾病，但只有少数患者（17.85%）接受定期眼底镜检查。
