William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ.
J Athl Train. 2003 Jul;38(3):263-7.
To provide a brief introduction to the definition and disposition to think critically along with active learning strategies to promote critical thinking.
I searched MEDLINE and Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) from 1933 to 2002 for literature related to critical thinking, the disposition to think critically, questioning, and various critical-thinking pedagogic techniques.
The development of critical thinking has been the topic of many educational articles recently. Numerous instructional methods exist to promote thought and active learning in the classroom, including case studies, discussion methods, written exercises, questioning techniques, and debates. Three methods-questioning, written exercises, and discussion and debates-are highlighted.
CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: The definition of critical thinking, the disposition to think critically, and different teaching strategies are featured. Although not appropriate for all subject matter and classes, these learning strategies can be used and adapted to facilitate critical thinking and active participation.
简要介绍批判性思维的定义和倾向，以及促进批判性思维的主动学习策略。
我从 1933 年到 2002 年在 MEDLINE 和教育资源信息中心（ERIC）中搜索了与批判性思维、批判性思维倾向、质疑以及各种批判性思维教学技巧相关的文献。
批判性思维的发展是最近许多教育文章的主题。在课堂上有许多促进思维和主动学习的教学方法，包括案例研究、讨论方法、书面练习、提问技巧和辩论。本文重点介绍了三种方法——提问、书面练习以及讨论和辩论。
结论/建议：本文介绍了批判性思维的定义、批判性思维倾向和不同的教学策略。虽然这些学习策略并不适用于所有的主题和课程，但可以加以利用和改编，以促进批判性思维和积极参与。
