Honda Hidehito, Yamagishi Kimihiko
Graduate School of Decision Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Japan.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2006 Feb;76(6):519-26. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.76.519.
We examined the relationship between two properties of verbal probability (VP) expressions, "vagueness" and "directionality", and investigated the effects of these properties on decision making. Vagueness is defined as its imprecise characteristic of uncertainty expressions in VP, whereas the directionality is communicative functions which cause one to focus on the occurrence or non-occurrence of the target event described by VP. Experiment 1 contrasted a disagreement in the literature as to whether one can predict the directionality from vagueness properties, and our analyses resolved the conflict by showing the ineffectiveness of the vagueness in predicting the directionality. Experiment 2 administered decision tasks involving VP and numerical translation tasks of VP. We discovered that the directionality affects only on decision tasks. The results of Experiments 1 and 2 indicated that the directionality is distinct characteristic from the vagueness of VP, and these properties affect decisions independently. Implications are discussed.
我们研究了言语概率（VP）表达的两个属性——“模糊性”和“方向性”之间的关系，并探讨了这些属性对决策的影响。模糊性被定义为VP中不确定性表达的不精确特征，而方向性是一种交际功能，它会使人们关注VP所描述的目标事件的发生或不发生。实验1对比了文献中关于是否可以从模糊性属性预测方向性的分歧，我们的分析通过表明模糊性在预测方向性方面无效解决了这一冲突。实验2进行了涉及VP的决策任务和VP的数字翻译任务。我们发现方向性仅对决策任务有影响。实验1和2的结果表明，方向性是与VP的模糊性不同的特征，并且这些属性独立地影响决策。我们还讨论了其影响。
