Smith Sean B
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Clin Anat. 2006 May;19(4):382-8. doi: 10.1002/ca.20307.
Art and anatomy have been closely related since the Renaissance, when artists studied the human body to gain more perfect perspectives, and anatomists began illustrating their texts. As the two fields became increasingly intertwined, the distinctions between artistic drawings and scientific illustrations of the human body's form and function became increasingly blurred. Early Renaissance anatomists were more artistic than scientific with their images, but Hieronymus Fabricius ab Acquapendente (1533-1619) provided a crucial turning point in the evolution of anatomic illustration. His new and strict focus upon scientific illustration developed in the context of previous anatomists' work and theories, but his is a critical and previously untold story in the history of medicine.
自文艺复兴以来，艺术与解剖学就紧密相连。在文艺复兴时期，艺术家们研究人体以获取更完美的视角，而解剖学家们则开始为他们的文本配图。随着这两个领域的联系日益紧密，人体形态与功能的艺术绘图和科学插图之间的区别变得越来越模糊。文艺复兴早期的解剖学家们绘制的图像艺术性多于科学性，但吉罗拉莫·法布里奇奥·阿夸彭登特（1533 - 1619）在解剖学插图的发展历程中提供了一个关键的转折点。他在前辈解剖学家的工作和理论基础上，对科学插图有了全新且严格的关注，而他的故事在医学史上至关重要却此前鲜为人知。
