Darmon Nicole, Ferguson Elaine L, Briend André
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 557, Paris, France.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2006 Mar-Apr;38(2):82-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2005.11.028.
To predict, for French women, the impact of a cost constraint on the food choices required to provide a nutritionally adequate diet.
Isocaloric daily diets fulfilling both palatability and nutritional constraints were modeled in linear programming, using different cost constraint levels. For each modeled diet, total departure from an observed French population's average food group pattern ("mean observed diet") was minimized.
To achieve the nutritional recommendations without a cost constraint, the modeled diet provided more energy from fish, fresh fruits and green vegetables and less energy from animal fats and cheese than the "mean observed diet." Introducing and strengthening a cost constraint decreased the energy provided by meat, fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, vegetable fat, and yogurts and increased the energy from processed meat, eggs, offal, and milk. For the lowest cost diet (ie, 3.18 euros/d), marked changes from the "mean observed diet" were required, including a marked reduction in the amount of energy from fresh fruits (-85%) and green vegetables (-70%), and an increase in the amount of energy from nuts, dried fruits, roots, legumes, and fruit juices.
Nutrition education for low-income French women must emphasize these affordable food choices.
预测成本限制对法国女性选择提供营养充足饮食所需食物的影响。
使用不同的成本限制水平，通过线性规划对满足适口性和营养限制的等热量日常饮食进行建模。对于每种建模饮食，尽量减少与观察到的法国人群平均食物组模式（“平均观察饮食”）的总偏差。
在没有成本限制的情况下实现营养建议时，建模饮食中来自鱼类、新鲜水果和绿色蔬菜的能量比“平均观察饮食”更多，而来自动物脂肪和奶酪的能量更少。引入并加强成本限制会减少肉类、新鲜蔬菜、新鲜水果、植物脂肪和酸奶提供的能量，并增加加工肉类、鸡蛋、内脏和牛奶提供的能量。对于成本最低的饮食（即3.18欧元/天），需要与“平均观察饮食”有显著差异，包括新鲜水果（-85%）和绿色蔬菜（-70%）提供的能量显著减少，以及坚果、干果、块根、豆类和果汁提供的能量增加。
针对低收入法国女性的营养教育必须强调这些经济实惠的食物选择。
