Wright Clinton B, Elkind Mitchell S V, Rundek Tatjana, Boden-Albala Bernadette, Paik Myunghee C, Sacco Ralph L
Division of Stroke and Critical Care, Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Stroke. 2006 May;37(5):1160-4. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000217439.73041.b4. Epub 2006 Apr 6.
Moderate alcohol intake has been associated with better cognitive performance, implicating vascular and neurodegenerative processes. Few studies to clarify the importance of vascular disease have included direct measures of atherosclerosis or minority populations at higher risk of vascular disease and dementia.
The Northern Manhattan Study includes stroke-free community based Hispanic (54%), black (25%), and white (22%) participants. We performed a cross-sectional study of alcohol intake and performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in subjects with sonographic measurement of maximal carotid plaque thickness and adjusted for sociodemographic and vascular risk factors.
The median MMSE score was 27 (interquartile range 24 to 29; n=2215). Reported alcohol intake was divided into 5 groups: never (n=509), past (n=494), <1 drink/week (n=300), 1/week to < or =2 drinks/day (n=796), and >2 drinks/day (n=116). Drinking 1 drink weekly up to 2 daily was associated with better performance on the MMSE (odds ratio=1.19; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.26) compared with nondrinkers in women (P< or =0.0001) but not in men, adjusting for sociodemographic and vascular risk factors. Maximal carotid plaque thickness (mean 1.1 mm; SD 1.2 mm) was not associated with alcohol intake and did not mediate the relationship between alcohol and cognition.
Moderate alcohol consumption was independently associated with better cognitive performance in women from this multiethnic sample. Carotid plaque was not a mediator of this association suggesting alcohol may impact cognition through a separate vascular or degenerative pathway.
适度饮酒与较好的认知表现相关，涉及血管和神经退行性变过程。很少有研究阐明血管疾病的重要性，这些研究包括对动脉粥样硬化的直接测量或对血管疾病和痴呆风险较高的少数族裔人群的研究。
曼哈顿北部研究纳入了无中风的社区西班牙裔（54%）、黑人（25%）和白人（22%）参与者。我们对有超声测量最大颈动脉斑块厚度的受试者进行了饮酒量与简易精神状态检查（MMSE）表现的横断面研究，并对社会人口学和血管危险因素进行了调整。
MMSE评分中位数为27（四分位间距24至29；n = 2215）。报告的饮酒量分为5组：从不饮酒（n = 509）、过去饮酒（n = 494）、<1杯/周（n = 300）、1/周至≤2杯/天（n = 796）和>2杯/天（n = 116）。在调整社会人口学和血管危险因素后，与不饮酒者相比，女性每周饮酒1杯至每天饮酒2杯与MMSE表现更好相关（优势比 = 1.19；95%可信区间，1.10至1.26），但男性并非如此（P≤0.0001）。最大颈动脉斑块厚度（平均1.1mm；标准差1.2mm）与饮酒量无关，也未介导酒精与认知之间的关系。
在这个多民族样本中，适度饮酒与女性较好的认知表现独立相关。颈动脉斑块不是这种关联的介导因素，提示酒精可能通过独立的血管或退行性途径影响认知。
