Miadoková Eva, Svidová Sona, Vlcková Viera, Dúhová Viola, Prazmáriová Eva, Tothová Katarína, Nad'ová Slavomíra, Kogan Grigorij, Rauko Peter
Department of Genetics, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, B-l, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2005 Dec;149(2):493-6.
Nowadays naturally occurring compounds with the potential antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects are of great importance for their prospective use in cancer chemoprevention and treatment. The new water soluble derivative of microbial polysaccharide beta-D-glucan-carboxymethyl glucan (CMG) belongs to such a category of natural substances. CMG isolated from the cell wall of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is included into the class of biopolymers known as biological response modifiers (BRMs) with a broad range of activities, above all ones interfering with cancer therapy. It was demonstrated on four experimental model systems that biological and consequential medicinal importance of CMG is based on the combined application with another active compound. In the Saccharomyces cerevisiae antimutagenicity assay CMG significantly reduced ofloxacin-induced mutagenicity in the yeast strain D7. CMG exerted bioprotective (anti-toxic and antimutagenic) effect after its simultaneos application with methyl methanesulphonate on the repair-deficient strain uvs10 of the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In the Vicia sativa simultaneous phytotoxicity and anticlastogenicity assay CMG exerted statistically significant anticlastogenic efect against maleic hydrazide-induced clastogenicity in Vicia sativa L. Only in the Salmonella/microsome assay CMG did not exert statistically significant antigenotoxic effect, despite of the fact that it reduced 9-aminoacridine-induced mutagenicity in S. typhimurium TA97, but his(+) revertants decreasing was statistically significant only at the highest CMG concentration used. The data presented unambiguously documented that even biopolysaccharides (e.g., derivatives of beta-glucan) belonging to the most abundant class of natural biopolymers may contribute to cancer prevention and therapy.
如今，具有潜在抗诱变和抗癌作用的天然化合物对于其在癌症化学预防和治疗中的潜在应用具有重要意义。微生物多糖β-D-葡聚糖-羧甲基葡聚糖（CMG）的新型水溶性衍生物就属于这类天然物质。从面包酵母酿酒酵母细胞壁中分离出的CMG属于一类被称为生物反应调节剂（BRM）的生物聚合物，具有广泛的活性，尤其是那些干扰癌症治疗的活性。在四个实验模型系统中证明，CMG的生物学和后续医学重要性基于与另一种活性化合物的联合应用。在酿酒酵母抗诱变试验中，CMG显著降低了酵母菌株D7中氧氟沙星诱导的诱变性。CMG与甲磺酸甲酯同时应用于单细胞绿藻莱茵衣藻的修复缺陷菌株uvs10后，发挥了生物保护（抗毒和抗诱变）作用。在蚕豆的同时植物毒性和抗断裂试验中，CMG对马来酰肼诱导的蚕豆断裂具有统计学显著的抗断裂作用。仅在沙门氏菌/微粒体试验中，CMG没有发挥统计学显著的抗遗传毒性作用，尽管它降低了鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA97中9-氨基吖啶诱导的诱变性，但只有在使用的最高CMG浓度下，his(+)回复突变体的减少才具有统计学显著性。所呈现的数据明确记录了，即使是属于最丰富的天然生物聚合物类别的生物多糖（例如β-葡聚糖衍生物）也可能有助于癌症的预防和治疗。
