Cucó G, Arija V, Iranzo R, Vilà J, Prieto M T, Fernández-Ballart J
Unit of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Rovira i Virgili, Spain.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(4):413-21. doi: 10.1080/00016340600572228.
The aim of this study is to analyze how the maternal intake of macronutrients before conception and in the 6th, 10th, 26th, and 38th weeks of pregnancy affects birth weight.
A longitudinal study of food consumption to assess the nutritional status of 77 healthy female volunteers (age range: 24-36) who were planning immediate pregnancy was performed in Reus between 1992 and 1996. A seven-consecutive-day dietary record was used in order to evaluate the dietary intake. We fitted multiple linear regression models of macronutrients on birth weight adjusted for energy intake, maternal age, pre-conceptional body mass index, sex of the newborn, length of pregnancy, parity, physical activity in leisure time, and smoking.
In the 6th, 10th, and 26th weeks of pregnancy, 7.2-12.7% of the variability of the birth weight can be explained by the intake of macronutrients. In the protein and fat model, a 1 g increase in maternal protein intake during preconception and in the 10th, 26th, and 38th weeks of pregnancy leads to a significant increase of 7.8-11.4 g in birth weight.
The diet of well-nourished women in the preconception period and throughout most of pregnancy has a significant effect on birth weight, and proteins are the macronutrient that has the greatest influence.
本研究旨在分析孕前以及孕期第6周、第10周、第26周和第38周母体常量营养素的摄入量如何影响出生体重。
1992年至1996年在雷乌斯对77名计划近期怀孕的健康女性志愿者（年龄范围：24 - 36岁）进行了一项食物消费纵向研究，以评估其营养状况。采用连续7天的饮食记录来评估饮食摄入量。我们建立了常量营养素对出生体重的多元线性回归模型，并对能量摄入、母亲年龄、孕前体重指数、新生儿性别、孕期时长、产次、休闲时间的身体活动以及吸烟情况进行了校正。
在孕期第6周、第10周和第26周，出生体重变异性的7.2% - 12.7%可由常量营养素的摄入量来解释。在蛋白质和脂肪模型中，孕前以及孕期第10周、第26周和第38周母体蛋白质摄入量每增加1克会导致出生体重显著增加7.8 - 11.4克。
营养良好的女性在孕前及孕期大部分时间的饮食对出生体重有显著影响，其中蛋白质是影响最大的常量营养素。
