Restrepo María Adelaida, Schwanenflugel Paula J, Blake Jamilia, Neuharth-Pritchett Stacey, Cramer Stephen E, Ruston Hilary P
Department of Speech and Hearing Science, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287, USA.
Lang Speech Hear Serv Sch. 2006 Jan;37(1):17-27. doi: 10.1044/0161-1461(2006/003).
The purpose of this study was to determine whether two vocabulary measures were appropriate for the evaluation of African American children and children whose mothers have low education levels, regardless of gender.
Data were collected for 210 high-risk, preschool children from a southeastern state in the United States on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Third Edition (PPVT-III; L. M. Dunn & L.M. Dunn, 1997) and the Expressive Vocabulary Test (EVT; K. T. Williams, 1997).
Results indicated that African American children and children whose mothers had low education levels tended to score lower on both measures than did children from European American backgrounds and children whose mothers had a high school or higher education; however, this effect was larger for the PPVT-III.
Data suggest that the EVT is a better indicator of a child's "vocabulary" skill, and that the PPVT-III has a greater tendency than the EVT to place African American children and children whose mothers have low education levels at risk for being unfairly identified as presenting with a potential language disorder. These data indicate that practitioners should use alternative assessment methods such as nonstandard and dynamic assessments to test children's vocabulary skill. In particular, if they use the PPVT-III, practitioners should take great caution in interpreting test results as evidence of a vocabulary problem in African American children and children whose mothers have low education levels.
本研究的目的是确定两种词汇量测量方法是否适用于评估非裔美国儿童以及母亲受教育程度较低的儿童，无论其性别如何。
从美国东南部一个州收集了210名高危学龄前儿童在皮博迪图片词汇测验第三版（PPVT-III；L.M.邓恩和L.M.邓恩，1997年）和表达性词汇测验（EVT；K.T.威廉姆斯，1997年）上的数据。
结果表明，非裔美国儿童以及母亲受教育程度较低的儿童在这两种测量方法上的得分往往低于来自欧洲裔美国背景的儿童以及母亲具有高中或更高学历的儿童；然而，这种影响在PPVT-III上更为明显。
数据表明，EVT是儿童“词汇量”技能的更好指标，并且与EVT相比，PPVT-III更倾向于将非裔美国儿童以及母亲受教育程度较低的儿童置于被不公平地认定为可能存在语言障碍的风险中。这些数据表明，从业者应使用非标准和动态评估等替代评估方法来测试儿童的词汇量技能。特别是，如果他们使用PPVT-III，从业者在将测试结果解释为非裔美国儿童以及母亲受教育程度较低的儿童存在词汇问题的证据时应格外谨慎。
