Gibb Brandon E, Alloy Lauren B, Walshaw Patricia D, Comer Jonathan S, Shen Gail H C, Villari Annette G
Department of Psychology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, New York 13902-6000, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2006 Jun;34(3):425-39. doi: 10.1007/s10802-006-9022-2. Epub 2006 Apr 18.
A number of studies have supported the hypothesis that negative attributional styles may confer vulnerability to the development of depression. The goal of this study was to explore factors that may contribute to the development of negative attributional styles in children. As hypothesized, elevated levels of depressive symptoms and hopelessness at the initial assessment predicted negative changes in children's attributional styles over the 6-month follow-up period. In addition, elevated levels of verbal victimization occurring between the 2 assessments, as well as that occurring in the 6 months preceding the initial assessment, prospectively predicted negative changes in children's attributional styles over the follow-up. Further, initial depressive symptoms and verbal victimization during the follow-up continued to significantly predict attributional style change even when the overlap among the predictors was statistically controlled. Contrary to the hypotheses, however, neither parent-reported levels of overall negative life events nor parents' attributions for their children's events predicted changes in children's attributional styles.
多项研究支持了这样一种假设，即消极归因方式可能使人易患抑郁症。本研究的目的是探讨可能导致儿童消极归因方式形成的因素。正如所假设的那样，在初始评估时抑郁症状和绝望感水平升高，预示着儿童在6个月的随访期内归因方式会出现消极变化。此外，两次评估之间以及初始评估前6个月内言语受欺负水平升高，前瞻性地预示着儿童在随访期间归因方式会出现消极变化。而且，即使在对预测因素之间的重叠进行统计控制后，初始抑郁症状和随访期间的言语受欺负仍能显著预测归因方式的变化。然而，与假设相反，无论是父母报告的总体负面生活事件水平，还是父母对孩子事件的归因，都不能预测孩子归因方式的变化。
