Phan Tung Gia, Trinh Quang Duy, Yagyu Fumihiro, Sugita Kumiko, Okitsu Shoko, Müller Werner E G, Ushijima Hiroshi
Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Institute of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Med Virol. 2006 Jun;78(6):839-46. doi: 10.1002/jmv.20632.
One hundred and twenty five fecal specimens were collected from sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis in a pediatric clinic in Osaka City, Japan from July 2004 to June 2005 and tested for the presence of rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and adenovirus by RT-multiplex PCR. Among diarrheal viruses detected, norovirus was the most prevalent (19.2%, 24 of 125), followed by group A rotavirus (18.4%, 23 of 125), astrovirus (1.6%, 2 of 125), and adenovirus (0.8%, 1 of 125), respectively. Interestingly, sapovirus infection was identified with high incidence of 17.6% (22 of 125). Sapovirus was subjected to molecular genetic analysis by sequencing. It was found that sapovirus detected in this study was classified into four genotypes (GI/1, GI/4, GI/6, and GI/8), and sapovirus GI/6 was predominant, followed by GI/8 and accounted for 81.8% (18 of 22) and 9.1% (2 of 22), respectively. It was noteworthy that sapovirus GI/6 infection was apparently confined within the period of 5 months (August 2004 through December 2004). This pattern of infection implied the outbreak of sapovirus GI/6 in these patients, which was the first outbreak of acute gastroenteritis attributed to sapovirus in Osaka City. Another interesting feature of the study was the appearance of two novel, naturally occurring recombinant sapoviruses circulating in the Japanese population studied. This report confirmed the presence as well as the importance of sapovirus causing acute gastroenteritis among Japanese infants and children.
2004年7月至2005年6月期间，从日本大阪市一家儿科诊所的散发性急性胃肠炎病例中收集了125份粪便标本，通过逆转录多重聚合酶链反应（RT-multiplex PCR）检测轮状病毒、诺如病毒、札如病毒、星状病毒和腺病毒的存在情况。在检测到的腹泻病毒中，诺如病毒最为常见（19.2%，125份中有24份），其次是A组轮状病毒（18.4%，125份中有23份）、星状病毒（1.6%，125份中有2份）和腺病毒（0.8%，125份中有1份）。有趣的是，札如病毒感染的发生率高达17.6%（125份中有22份）。对札如病毒进行了测序的分子遗传学分析。结果发现，本研究中检测到的札如病毒分为四种基因型（GI/1、GI/4、GI/6和GI/8），其中GI/6型札如病毒最为常见，其次是GI/8型，分别占22份中的81.8%（18份）和9.1%（2份）。值得注意的是，GI/6型札如病毒感染明显局限在5个月内（2004年8月至2004年12月）。这种感染模式表明这些患者中发生了GI/6型札如病毒的暴发，这是大阪市首次由札如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎暴发。该研究的另一个有趣特征是在研究的日本人群中出现了两种新型的、自然发生的重组札如病毒。本报告证实了札如病毒在日本婴幼儿急性胃肠炎中的存在及其重要性。
