Heine G, Schnuch A, Uter W, Worm M
Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Allergie Centrum Charité Campus Mitte, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Allergy. 2006 May;61(5):611-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01029.x.
The role of atopic eczema (AE) as risk factor for the development of allergic contact dermatitis is discussed controversially, as well as its influence on patch test results due to increased irritability. In this study, we analysed the pattern of positive patch test results to most frequent contact allergens in patients with AE (n = 9020) and age matched nonatopic (n = 15,263) individuals. The pattern and the frequencies of the observed sensitizations did not differ greatly from nonatopic individuals. Bufexamac is an exception: in AE patients sensitization is observed three times more often. For the other substances tested only minor differences were detected. Moreover, the frequencies of single, double or polyvalent sensitizations were nearly identical between the two groups. The analysis of the anatomical sites of dermatitis shows differences between the groups: in AE patients, the face (7.2%) and hand dermatitis (6.6%) was more common, and leg dermatitis (4.0%) less common. Analysis of occupation, suspected allergen source, and accompanying factors revealed no major differences between the both groups.
The chronic and long-term exposure to external drugs and emollients presumably carries a risk for sensitization against specific contact allergens in AE patients. However, the sensitization of contact allergens differs surprisingly little between patients with or without AE.
特应性皮炎（AE）作为过敏性接触性皮炎发病风险因素的作用存在争议，其因易激惹性增加对斑贴试验结果的影响也存在争议。在本研究中，我们分析了AE患者（n = 9020）和年龄匹配的非特应性个体（n = 15263）对最常见接触变应原的斑贴试验阳性结果模式。观察到的致敏模式和频率与非特应性个体相比差异不大。丁苯羟酸是个例外：在AE患者中，致敏的发生率高出三倍。对于其他测试物质，仅检测到微小差异。此外，两组之间单一、双重或多价致敏的频率几乎相同。对皮炎解剖部位的分析显示两组之间存在差异：在AE患者中，面部皮炎（7.2%）和手部皮炎（6.6%）更为常见，腿部皮炎（4.0%）则较少见。对职业、疑似变应原来源及伴随因素的分析显示两组之间无重大差异。
长期慢性接触外用药物和润肤剂可能会使AE患者对特定接触变应原致敏。然而，有或无AE的患者之间接触变应原的致敏情况差异惊人地小。
