Royon D, Daz M, Ellenrieder G, Locatelli S
Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI, CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Salta, Buenos Aires 177, 4400 Salta, Argentina.
Bioresour Technol. 2007 Feb;98(3):648-53. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.021. Epub 2006 Apr 21.
The enzymatic production of biodiesel by methanolysis of cottonseed oil was studied using immobilized Candida antarctica lipase as catalyst in t-butanol solvent. Methyl ester production and triacylglycerol disappearance were followed by HPLC chromatography. It was found, using a batch system, that enzyme inhibition caused by undissolved methanol was eliminated by adding t-butanol to the reaction medium, which also gave a noticeable increase of reaction rate and ester yield. The effect of t-butanol, methanol concentration and temperature on this system was determined. A methanolysis yield of 97% was observed after 24h at 50 degrees C with a reaction mixture containing 32.5% t-butanol, 13.5% methanol, 54% oil and 0.017 g enzyme (g oil)(-1). With the same mixture, a 95% ester yield was obtained using a one step fixed bed continuous reactor with a flow rate of 9.6 mlh(-1) (g enzyme)(-1). Experiments with the continuous reactor over 500 h did not show any appreciable decrease in ester yields.
以固定化南极假丝酵母脂肪酶为催化剂，叔丁醇为溶剂，研究了棉籽油甲醇解酶法生产生物柴油的过程。采用高效液相色谱法跟踪甲酯生成和三酰甘油消失情况。在间歇体系中发现，向反应介质中添加叔丁醇可消除未溶解甲醇引起的酶抑制作用，同时反应速率和酯产率也显著提高。测定了叔丁醇、甲醇浓度和温度对该体系的影响。在50℃下，使用含有32.5%叔丁醇、13.5%甲醇、54%油和0.017 g酶（g油）⁻¹的反应混合物，24小时后甲酯化产率达97%。使用一步固定床连续反应器，流速为9.6 ml h⁻¹（g酶）⁻¹，相同混合物的酯产率为95%。连续反应器运行500多小时的实验未显示酯产率有任何明显下降。
