Zucker Robert A
Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Research Center, University of Michigan, 2025 Traverwood Drive, Suite A, Ann Arbor, MI 48105-2194, USA.
Behav Genet. 2006 Jul;36(4):616-25. doi: 10.1007/s10519-006-9070-y. Epub 2006 Apr 25.
The papers in this special issue have in common an interest in developmental variations in the heritability of substance use, abuse, and problems. A number of the studies are longitudinal, and even those that are cross-sectional are analytically focused on whether heritability, shared, and nonshared environmentality effects are constant or change over the period from onset of use to the time when problem use is more constant. This commentary provides an overview of the work from a developmental psychopathology perspective. Findings are linked to the existing longitudinal/developmental literature on the epigenesis of substance use disorders and similarities and contradictions are noted. Suggestions for next step work, involving the need for increased differentiation of the substance abuse phenotypes, the utilization of phenotypic measures that delineate heterogeneity of course, and more precise definition of the specific environmental variations that underlie shared and nonshared environmental liability, are provided.
本期特刊中的论文都关注物质使用、滥用及相关问题的遗传度在发育过程中的变化。其中一些研究是纵向研究，即使是横断面研究，在分析上也聚焦于从开始使用到问题使用更稳定这段时间内，遗传度、共享环境和非共享环境效应是保持不变还是发生变化。本评论从发展心理病理学的角度对这些研究进行概述。研究结果与关于物质使用障碍表观遗传学的现有纵向/发展文献相联系，并指出了异同之处。还提供了下一步工作的建议，包括需要进一步区分物质滥用表型，利用能够描述病程异质性的表型测量方法，以及更精确地定义构成共享环境和非共享环境易感性基础的特定环境变量。
