Hummel Pat, van Dijk Monique
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, and Neonatal Developmental Follow-up Program, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2006 Aug;11(4):237-45. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2006.02.004. Epub 2006 Apr 27.
Neonatal pain assessment has received much attention over the past decade. Behavioural indicators of pain include facial action, body movement and tone, cry, state/sleep, and consolability. Physiological indicators of pain include increased heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, as well as decreased heart rate variability and oxygen desaturation. Pain assessment in neonates is difficult in neurologically compromised, chemically paralyzed, and non-responsive infants. Multiple pain assessment tools are summarized. Pain assessment and management protocols are delineated.
在过去十年中，新生儿疼痛评估受到了广泛关注。疼痛的行为指标包括面部动作、身体运动和肌张力、哭声、状态/睡眠以及安抚性。疼痛的生理指标包括心率、呼吸频率和血压升高，以及心率变异性降低和氧饱和度下降。对于神经功能受损、化学麻痹和无反应的婴儿，新生儿疼痛评估较为困难。本文总结了多种疼痛评估工具，并阐述了疼痛评估和管理方案。
