Activity of Thylakoid-bound Ribosomes in Pea Chloroplasts.

Pea (Pisum sativum) chloroplast thylakoid membranes were prepared by washing in hypotonic buffers. These membranes contained bound ribosomes which were active in protein synthesis when supplemented with soluble components from a strain of Escherichia coli low in ribonuclease. After dissolving the membranes by Triton and purification of the ribosomes, sucrose density gradient profiles indicated the presence of polysomal material as well as monomeric ribosomes. Most of the products of protein synthesis remained associated with the thylakoid membranes even after ribosomes were removed completely by high salt concentrations in the absence of Mg(2+). Of the newly formed products, 50% could be digested by pronase, while the remainder were protected by their association with the thylakoid membranes. The products are likely to be a mixture of intrinsic and extrinsic membrane proteins, with only the former completely protected by the membranes from attack by proteases.