Nakajima Sonomi, Saijo Yasuaki, Kato Shizue, Sasaki Seiko, Uno Akiko, Kanagami Nobuo, Hirakawa Hironori, Hori Tsuguhide, Tobiishi Kazuhiro, Todaka Takashi, Nakamura Yuji, Yanagiya Satoko, Sengoku Yasuhito, Iida Takao, Sata Fumihiro, Kishi Reiko
Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, and Sapporo Toho Hospital, Japan.
Environ Health Perspect. 2006 May;114(5):773-8. doi: 10.1289/ehp.8614.
Several studies have shown that prenatal and/or postnatal background-level exposure to environmental chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins, induces adverse effects on the neurodevelopment of children. However, other studies have not detected any harmful influences on neurodevelopment. Furthermore, except in western countries, no developmental tests have been carried out in relation to detailed assessment of exposure to PCBs and dioxins. In this study (the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health), the effect of prenatal exposure to background levels of PCBs and dioxins on infant neurodevelopment in Japan/Sapporo was elucidated. The associations between the total or individual isomer level of PCBs and dioxins in 134 Japanese pregnant women's peripheral blood and the mental or motor development of their 6-month-old infants were evaluated using the second edition of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The mean level of total toxicity equivalency quantity (TEQ) was 18.8 (4.0-51.2) pg/g lipid in blood of 134 mothers. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, the total TEQ value was shown not to be significantly associated with mental developmental index (MDI) or psychomotor developmental index (PDI). However, the levels of one polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) isomer, total PCDDs, and total PCDDs/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were significantly negatively associated with MDI, and the levels of two PCDD isomers and three PCDF isomers were significantly negatively associated with the PDI. In conclusion, the background-level exposure of several isomers of dioxins during the prenatal period probably affects the motor development of 6-month-old infants more than it does their mental development.
多项研究表明，产前和/或产后环境化学物质的背景水平暴露，如多氯联苯（PCBs）和二噁英，会对儿童神经发育产生不良影响。然而，其他研究未发现对神经发育有任何有害影响。此外，除西方国家外，尚未针对多氯联苯和二噁英暴露的详细评估开展发育测试。在本研究（北海道环境与儿童健康研究）中，阐明了日本札幌产前暴露于多氯联苯和二噁英背景水平对婴儿神经发育的影响。使用贝利婴儿发育量表第二版评估了134名日本孕妇外周血中多氯联苯和二噁英的总量或单个异构体水平与她们6个月大婴儿的智力或运动发育之间的关联。134名母亲血液中总毒性当量（TEQ）的平均水平为18.8（4.0 - 51.2）pg/g脂质。在对潜在混杂变量进行调整后，总TEQ值与智力发育指数（MDI）或心理运动发育指数（PDI）无显著关联。然而，一种多氯二苯并对二噁英（PCDD）异构体、总PCDDs以及总PCDDs/多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）的水平与MDI显著负相关，两种PCDD异构体和三种PCDF异构体的水平与PDI显著负相关。总之，产前期间二噁英几种异构体的背景水平暴露可能对6个月大婴儿的运动发育影响比对其智力发育的影响更大。
