Schieveld Jan N M
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, University Hospital Maastricht The Netherlands.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2006;72:195-206. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7742(05)72012-2.
This chapter starts with some remarks on the conceptual history of catatonia, which begins with Kahlbaum and continues with Kraeplin, Bleuler, and Leonhard. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th ed., Text Revision, criteria for catatonia and the multicausal origin of the disorder are discussed. So, not only schizophrenia and mood disorders associated with catatonia, which is the primary form, are introduced but also an extensive list of somatic disorders-resulting in secondary catatonia-along with the work of Gelenberg and Wing. Next, two very difficult cases, of boys with autism, catatonia, and one of them with mental retardation as well, are presented. Major textbooks, PubMed, and Medline were used for a select literature search. The results show the main and really relevant but scarce data concerning primary and secondary catatonia. In the discussion the topics are this dearth in knowledge, the concept of catatonia and its similarities with delirium, and the relation catatonia-autism, and where to find the data. The conclusions summarize the main points and end with a gentle reminder, or is it an appeal?
本章开篇对紧张症的概念史进行了一些阐述，其始于卡尔鲍姆，并经克雷丕林、布鲁勒和莱昂哈德得以延续。接着讨论了《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第4版修订本中紧张症的诊断标准以及该病症的多病因起源。因此，不仅介绍了与紧张症（主要形式）相关的精神分裂症和心境障碍，还介绍了一系列导致继发性紧张症的躯体疾病，以及格伦伯格和温的研究成果。接下来，呈现了两个非常棘手的病例，病例中的男孩患有自闭症和紧张症，其中一人还伴有智力障碍。主要教科书、PubMed和Medline被用于进行选择性文献检索。结果显示了有关原发性和继发性紧张症的主要且真正相关但却稀少的数据。在讨论中，主题包括知识的匮乏、紧张症的概念及其与谵妄的相似之处、紧张症与自闭症的关系，以及数据的获取途径。结论总结了要点，并以一个温和的提醒（或者说是呼吁？）作为结尾。
