Derks Belle, van Laar Colette, Ellemers Naomi
Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2006 May;32(5):576-88. doi: 10.1177/0146167205283336.
For members of stigmatized groups, being confronted with highstatus outgroup members threatens social identity and undermines performance on status-relevant dimensions. Two experiments examined whether the negative effects of outgroup contexts are alleviated when value is expressed for a dimension on which the stigmatized ingroup excels. Specifically, the authors assessed whether ingroup versus outgroup context and contextual value for ingroup dimensions affects group members' reactions to failure on status-relevant dimensions and subsequent performance. Experiment 1 showed that in comparison to ingroup contexts, outgroup contexts induce stigmatized group members to protect social identity and to feel more agitated following negative performance feedback. Experiment 2 showed that when others in the context emphasize the importance of a dimension on which the ingroup excels, the negative effects of outgroup contexts are alleviated, stigmatized group members feel more cheerful concerning an upcoming task, and task performance is characterized by a focus on success.
对于受污名化群体的成员而言，与地位较高的外群体成员接触会威胁到其社会身份，并削弱在与地位相关维度上的表现。两项实验考察了，当对受污名化的内群体所擅长的维度表达重视时，外群体情境的负面影响是否会得到缓解。具体而言，作者评估了内群体与外群体情境以及对内群体维度的情境重视程度，是否会影响群体成员对与地位相关维度上失败的反应以及后续表现。实验1表明，与内群体情境相比，外群体情境会促使受污名化的群体成员保护其社会身份，并在收到负面绩效反馈后感到更加焦虑。实验2表明，当情境中的其他人强调内群体所擅长维度的重要性时，外群体情境的负面影响会得到缓解，受污名化的群体成员对即将到来的任务会感到更加愉快，并且任务表现的特点是专注于成功。
