DiMaggio Charles, Durkin Maureen, Richardson Lynne D
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2006 Jun;13(2):95-9. doi: 10.1080/17457300500310038.
The hypothesis that relative to cars, light trucks and vans (including sports utility vehicles) are more likely to result in fatal paediatric pedestrian injury was investigated. It was further hypothesized that this increased risk is a result of head injuries. The study sample consisted of 18 117 police records of motor vehicles involved in crashes in which one or more pedestrians aged 5 to 19 years old was injured or killed. Frequencies and case fatality ratios for each vehicle body type were calculated. A logistic regression analysis was conducted, with light truck or van vs. car as the exposure variable and fatal/non-fatal pedestrian injury as the outcome variable. After controlling for driver age, driver gender, vehicle weight, road surface condition and presence of head injury, 5 to 19 year-olds struck by light trucks or vans were more than twice as likely to die than those struck by cars (odds ratio (OR) 2.3; 95% CI 1.4, 3.9). For the 5 to 9 year-old age group, light trucks and vans were four times as likely to be associated with fatal injury (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.9, 9.5). There was an association between head injury and light trucks and vans (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1, 1.3). It was concluded that vehicle body type characteristics play an important role in paediatric pedestrian injury severity and may offer engineering-based opportunities for injury control.
研究了这样一种假设，即相对于汽车，轻型卡车和厢式货车（包括运动型多用途汽车）更有可能导致儿童行人致命伤害。进一步假设这种风险增加是头部受伤的结果。研究样本包括18117份涉及撞车事故的机动车警方记录，事故中有一名或多名5至19岁的行人受伤或死亡。计算了每种车身类型的频率和病死率。进行了逻辑回归分析，以轻型卡车或厢式货车与汽车作为暴露变量，以行人致命/非致命伤害作为结果变量。在控制了驾驶员年龄、驾驶员性别、车辆重量、路面状况和头部受伤情况后，被轻型卡车或厢式货车撞到的5至19岁儿童死亡的可能性是被汽车撞到的儿童的两倍多（比值比（OR）为2.3；95%置信区间为1.4, 3.9）。对于5至9岁年龄组，轻型卡车和厢式货车导致致命伤害的可能性是汽车的四倍（OR为4.2；95%置信区间为1.9, 9.5）。头部受伤与轻型卡车和厢式货车之间存在关联（OR为1.2；95%置信区间为1.1, 1.3）。得出的结论是，车身类型特征在儿童行人伤害严重程度中起着重要作用，并且可能为基于工程的伤害控制提供机会。
