Roussos Sevastianos, Zaouia Nabila, Salih Ghislane, Tantaoui-Elaraki Abdelrhafour, Lamrani Khadija, Cheheb Mostafa, Hassouni Hicham, Verhé Fréderic, Perraud-Gaime Isabelle, Augur Christopher, Ismaili-Alaoui Mustapha
Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université Paul Cézanne, Marseille, France.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2006 May;50(6):500-6. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200600005.
During the 2003 and 2004 olive oil production campaigns in Morocco, 136 samples from spoiled olive and olive cake were analyzed and 285 strains were isolated in pure culture. Strains included 167 mesophilic strains belonging to ten genera: Penicillium, Aspergillus, Geotrichum, Mucor, Rhizopus, Trichoderma, Alternaria, Acremonium, Humicola, Ulocladium as well as 118 thermophilic strains isolated in 2003 and 2004, mainly belonging to six species: Aspergillus fumigatus, Paecilomyces variotii, Mucor pusillus, Thermomyces lanuginosus, Humicola grisea, and Thermoascus aurantiacus. Penicillium and Aspergillus, respectively, 32.3 and 26.9% of total isolates represented the majority of mesophilic fungi isolated. When considering total strains (including thermotolerant strains) Aspergillus were the predominant strains isolated; follow-up studies on mycotoxins therefore focused primarily on aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) from the latter strains. All isolated Aspergillus flavus strains (9) and Aspergillus niger strains (36) were studied in order to evaluate their capacity to produce AFs and OTA, respectively, when grown on starch-based culture media. Seven of the nine tested A. flavus strains isolated from olive and olive cake produced AF B1 at concentrations between 48 and 95 microg/kg of dry rice weight. As for the A. niger strains, 27 of the 36 strains produced OTA.
在2003年和2004年摩洛哥橄榄油生产季期间，对136份来自变质橄榄和橄榄饼的样本进行了分析，并通过纯培养分离出285株菌株。这些菌株包括167株嗜温菌株，分属于10个属：青霉属、曲霉属、地霉属、毛霉属、根霉属、木霉属、链格孢属、枝顶孢属、腐质霉属、细基格孢属，以及2003年和2004年分离出的118株嗜热菌株，主要属于6个种：烟曲霉、变幻青霉、微小毛霉、嗜热栖热菌、灰腐质霉和橙黄嗜热子囊菌。青霉属和曲霉属分别占分离出的嗜温真菌总数的32.3%和26.9%，是分离出的嗜温真菌的主要部分。当考虑所有菌株（包括耐热菌株）时，曲霉属是分离出的主要菌株；因此，后续关于霉菌毒素的研究主要集中在后者菌株产生的黄曲霉毒素（AFs）和赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）上。对所有分离出的黄曲霉菌株（9株）和黑曲霉菌株（36株）进行了研究，以评估它们在以淀粉为基础的培养基上生长时分别产生AFs和OTA的能力。从橄榄和橄榄饼中分离出的9株受试黄曲霉菌株中有7株产生了浓度在48至95微克/千克干米重之间的AF B1。至于黑曲霉菌株，36株中有27株产生了OTA。
