Bouras Noureddine, Mathieu Florence, Coppel Yannick, Strelkov Stephen E, Lebrihi Ahmed
Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Département Bioprocédés et Systèmes Microbiens, UMR 5503 (CNRS/INPT/UPS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, F-31 326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex 1, Toulouse, France.
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Oct 31;55(22):8920-7. doi: 10.1021/jf071406z. Epub 2007 Oct 2.
A survey on the occurrence on grape of fungi species in 2001 and their capability to produce ochratoxin A (OTA) and naphtho-gamma-pyrones (NGPs) was conducted in different vineyards from several French viticulture regions. The total numbers of fungal isolates, from setting to harvest, were 732. The Aspergillus genus was essentially represented by section Nigri (98.53%) and it was predominant (74.72%) when compared to Penicillium (25.27%). Approximately one third (30.46%) of the fungal isolates were OTA producers, and 94.17% belong to black aspergilli; Aspergillus carbonarius was the main OTA producer. Moreover, 8.33% of isolates (belong to A. carbonarius and A. niger) were NGP producers. However, none of the Penicillium spp. or other Aspergillus spp. isolates can produces NGP derivatives under the conditions used. No other study on NGPs production by fungi isolated from grapes has been reported. In the second part, a novel NGP, named aurasperone G (1), was isolated from the fermentation broth of the culture extracts of Aspergillus niger C-433, strain producer of OTA, along with the known compound aurasperone F (2). The chemical structure of the new polyketide was proposed based on complete (1)H and partial (13)C, COSY, HMQC, 1D NOE NMR spectra as well as UV and MS spectra. This new NGP was not reported before in nature or prepared synthetically.
2001年，在法国几个葡萄种植区的不同葡萄园开展了一项关于葡萄上真菌种类的调查，以及它们产生赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）和萘并γ-吡喃酮（NGPs）的能力。从坐果到收获，分离得到的真菌总数为732株。曲霉属主要由黑曲霉组代表（98.53%），与青霉属（25.27%）相比占主导地位（74.72%）。大约三分之一（30.46%）的真菌分离株能产生OTA，其中94.17%属于黑曲霉；碳黑曲霉是主要的OTA产生菌。此外，8.33%的分离株（属于碳黑曲霉和黑曲霉）能产生NGPs。然而，在所使用的条件下，青霉属或其他曲霉属分离株均不能产生NGP衍生物。尚未见关于从葡萄中分离的真菌产生NGPs的其他研究报道。在第二部分中，从OTA产生菌黑曲霉C-433培养提取物的发酵液中，分离出一种新的NGP，命名为奥司珀酮G（1），同时还分离出已知化合物奥司珀酮F（2）。基于完整的¹H和部分¹³C、COSY、HMQC、一维NOE NMR光谱以及UV和MS光谱，推测了这种新的聚酮化合物的化学结构。这种新的NGP以前在自然界中未被报道过，也未通过合成制备。
