放射性核素的土壤生物有效性对铀和钍向蘑菇转移的影响。
Influence of the soil bioavailability of radionuclides on the transfer of uranium and thorium to mushrooms.
作者信息
Baeza A, Guillén J
机构信息
Department of Physics, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Extremadura, Avda. Universidad s/n, 10071 Cáceres, Spain.
出版信息
Appl Radiat Isot. 2006 Sep;64(9):1020-6. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2006.04.003. Epub 2006 May 24.
The soil-mushroom transfer of thorium and uranium was analyzed in two ecologically similar but geographically separated Spanish ecosystems by means of the transfer factor, TF. Uranium TF values were in the range 0.043-0.49, and thorium TF values in the range 0.030-0.62. These values were similar to those of (90)Sr, (239+240)Pu, and (241)Am found previously in the same ecosystems. Given the low availability of uranium and thorium, the available transfer factors, ATF, were also determined. These were higher than the TF values by one order of magnitude for (234, 238)U, and by 2-3 orders of magnitude for (228, 230, 232)Th. The ATF value of thorium was similar to that of (137)Cs, and that of uranium similar to that of (40)K. Hebeloma cylindrosporum presented the highest uranium and thorium transfer factors, confirming this species as a good bioindicator of a soil's radioactive content.
通过转移因子TF，在两个生态相似但地理位置相隔的西班牙生态系统中分析了钍和铀从土壤到蘑菇的转移情况。铀的TF值在0.043 - 0.49范围内，钍的TF值在0.030 - 0.62范围内。这些值与之前在相同生态系统中发现的锶-90、钚-239+240和镅-241的值相似。考虑到铀和钍的有效性较低，还测定了有效转移因子ATF。对于铀-234、238，这些值比TF值高一个数量级，对于钍-228、230、232，比TF值高2 - 3个数量级。钍的ATF值与铯-137的相似，铀的ATF值与钾-40的相似。柱状环柄菇呈现出最高的铀和钍转移因子，证实该物种是土壤放射性含量的良好生物指示物。
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